this study focuses on the optimization of the plane structure. sequential quadratic programming (sqp) will be utilized, which is one of the most efficient methods for solving nonlinearly constrained optimization problems. a new formulation for the second order sensitivity analysis of the two-dimensional finite element will be developed. all the second order required derivatives will be calculat...

‎in this paper‎, ‎we introduce fractional-order into a model of hiv-1 infection of cd4^+ t--cells‎. ‎we study the effect of ‎the changing the average number of viral particles $n$ with different sets of initial conditions on the dynamics of‎ ‎the presented model‎. ‎ ‎the nonstandard finite difference (nsfd) scheme is implemented‎ ‎to study the dynamic behaviors in the fractional--order hiv-1‎‎i...

In this paper an upwind algorithm based on Roe’s scheme is presented for solution of PNS equations. Non iterative-implicit method using finite volume technique is used. The main advantage of this approach, in comparison with similar upwind methods, is reduction of oscillations around sonic line. This advantage causes the present method to be able to analyze supersonic flows with free stream Mac...

In this paper, loss probabilities and steady state probabilities of data packets for an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) network are investigated under the buffer division and push-out schemes. Data packets are classified in classes k which arrive in Poisson fashion to the service facility and are served with general service rate under buffer division scheme, finite buffer space N is divided in...

A pressure based implicit procedure to solve the Euler and Navier-Stokes equation is developed to predict transonic viscous and inviscid flows around the pitching and heaving airfoils with a high reslution scheme. In this process, nonorthogonal and non moving mesh with collocated finite volume formulation are used. In order to simulate pitching or heaving airfoil, oscillation of flow boundary c...

In this paper a novel numerical approach is presented for solving the transient incompressible fluid flow problems with free surfaces in generalized two-dimensional curvilinear coordinate systems. Solution algorithm is a combination of implicit real-time steps and explicit pseudo-time steps. Governing fluid flow equations are discretized using a collocated finite-volume mesh. Convective terms a...

In this paper an upwind algorithm based on Roe’s scheme is presented for solution of PNS equations. Non iterative-implicit method using finite volume technique is used. The main advantage of this approach, in comparison with similar upwind methods, is reduction of oscillations around sonic line. This advantage causes the present method to be able to analyze supersonic flows with free stream Mac...

A finite-volume model has been developed to study incompressible forced flow heat transfer of air over a circular cylinder in cross flow. An artificial compressibility technique is applied to couple the continuity to the momentum equations. The proposed explicit finite-volume method (FVM) uses a novel discretization in time and space. The governing equations are solved by time-marching using a ...

We continue our study on the approximation of a system of partial differential equations recently proposed by Hadeler and Kuttler to model the dynamics of growing sandpiles on a flat bounded table. The novelty here is the introduction of (infinite) walls on the boundary of the domain and the corresponding modification of boundary conditions for the standing and for the rolling layers. An explic...