Flooding is a growing problem, which affects more than 10% of the UK population. The cost of damage caused by flooding correlates closely with the warning time given before a flood event, making flood monitoring and prediction critical to minimizing the cost of flood damage. This paper describes a wireless sensor network for flood warning which is not only capable of integrating with remote fix...

This study used GIS to identify flood risk areas on the proposed Wapuli and Kpalba roads to help policy makers take a firm decision on which road to link Yendi, Saboba, Chereponi and Gushiegu districts in Northern Ghana. The aim was to identify and measure floodable areas on the proposed roads. Factors influencing flooding in the area are identified and reclassified to flood risk values based o...

Flood monitoring technique using adjustable histogram equalization is proposed. The technique overcomes the limitations (overenhancement, artifacts, and unnatural look) of existing technique by adjusting the contrast of images. The proposed technique takes pre- and postimages and applies different processing steps for generating flood map without user interaction. The resultant flood maps can b...

Recent flood-related disasters (Japan, Thailand, US, Australia) emphasize the need for an effective management of flood risks. As an introduction to this special issue, this editorial summarizes some of the key challenges in the field. Flood risk management needs to recognize the interconnections between infrastructures, economic systems and the role of human factors in assessing and managing t...

It has long been recognized that flood protection provided by levees is a double-edged sword. On one hand, levee systems have provided flood protection. On the other hand, given enough time levees either will be overtopped or will fail—leading to severe flood impacts on an unsuspecting population. Unlike a natural flood, levee failure flooding is often rapid, forceful, extremely damaging, and o...

The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) was designed as a successor to the Exterior Gateway Protocol. BGP started as a subset of the IDRP protocol [ISO93] being developed by ISO. During the last ten years, BGP has evolved in an incremental and backward compatible manner. In the early nineties, the main objective of BGP was to make possible the distribution of routes constrained by routeing policies, ...

This paper considers control in road networks. Using a simple example based on the well-known Braess network [1] the paper shows that reducing delay for traffic, assuming that the traffic distribution is fixed, may increase delay when travellers change their travel choices in light of changes in control settings and hence delays. It is shown that a similar effect occurs within signal controlled...

Although commercial and household wastes are compositionally similar, common UK practice is for separate collections. This paper uses vehicle routeing and scheduling software to predict the benefits of allowing household and commercial waste to be collected together by a common vehicle fleet. This was compared in a case study where collections were made from over 25,000 households on an alterna...

rivers are important water resources for human life, but sometimes cause irreparable damages. the flood plains are fertile terrains which are endangered by flood. flood hazard mapping is one of the basic methods in flood fighting. in order to decline flood damages, the simulation of the hydraulic behavior of the rivers during flood occurrence is very important. in this study, areas that are flo...

Flood defence maintenance strategies require understanding of the time-dependent behaviour of flood defences. Quantitative risk and reliability methods provide a rational decision-making basis for flood defence management. Failure mechanisms influencing the flood defence reliability are expressed by a limit state equation and organised in a fault tree. One or more random variables in the limit ...