BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We examined the possibility that activation of the human brain renin-angiotensin system is involved in enhancement of ischemic brain damage using chimeric transgenic mice with human renin (hRN) and human angiotensinogen (hANG) genes. METHODS Chimeric (hRN/hANG-Tg) mice were generated by mating of hRN and hANG transgenic mice. Permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral a...

The arrow of time is of little consequence to the majority of physics. Except in a few cases, the laws of physics still apply whether one observes them in a reverse or in a forward manner. The contrasting notion relevant to this discussion is that our experience of time flows uni-directionally into the future. If our experimental approaches manifest as a function of our experience, then it has ...

abstarct background: base deficit is a non-respiratory indicator of acid base status that evaluates the severity of shock at the cellular level. base deficit results from cellular metabolism of pyruvate under anaerobic conditions. in this situation, base deficit is a sensitive marker of the magnitude of anaerobic metabolism and tissue oxygen deficit [1]. several studies have shown a strong posi...

background & objectives: ischemic stroke is the third leading cause of death and disability in most of the human societies. there is no effective treatment due to complexity of the pathophysiological mechanisms. today, more researches are designed to introduce involving factors and new treatment strategies in brain ischemia. the objective of this study is to introduce an experimental model of t...

We present a Chandra observation of the cooling flow cluster Abell 262. Spectral fits show that the intracluster medium (ICM) in A262 cools by a factor of three from 2.7 keV to 0.9 keV at the cluster center. A mass deposition rate of Ṁ = 19 −5 M⊙ yr −1 is measured. Complex structure is found in the very inner regions of the cluster, including knots of emission and a clear deficit of emission to...

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) with adenosine-stress myocardial perfusion is gaining importance for the detection and quantification of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, there is little knowledge about patients with CMR-detected ischemia, but having no relevant stenosis as seen on coronary angiography (CA). The aims of our study were to characterize these patients by CMR and CA ...

BACKGROUND Blood transfusion is used to treat acute anemia with the goal of increasing blood oxygen-carrying capacity as determined by hematocrit (Hct) and oxygen delivery (DO2). However, increasing Hct also increases blood viscosity, which may thus lower DO2 if the arterial circulation is a rigid hydraulic system as the resistance to blood flow will increase. The net effect of transfusion on D...

We present a Chandra observation of the cooling flow cluster A262. Spectral fits show that the intracluster medium (ICM) in A262 cools by a factor of 3, from 2.7 to 0.9 keV, at the cluster center. A mass deposition rate of Ṁ 1⁄4 19þ6 5 M yr 1 is measured. Complex structure is found in the very inner regions of the cluster, including knots of emission and a clear deficit of emission to the east ...

This study finds that managers take the deviations from their target capital structures into account in planning and structuring acquisitions. Specifically, firms that are overleveraged relative to their target debt ratios are less likely to make acquisitions, are less likely to fund acquisitions with debt, acquire smaller targets, pay lower premiums and receive favorable market reactions to ac...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We sought to evaluate the diagnostic value of echo-enhanced transcranial color-coded duplex sonography (TCCD) and the clinical relevance of vascular pathology assessed by sonography for early clinical outcome in acute ischemic stroke. METHODS We present 23 consecutive patients with an anterior circulation stroke in whom clinical examination, CT, and ultrasonography were...