examining the floral wreath on the mummy of the Princess Ugi-Khouni, of the twenty-first Egyptian dynasty, discovered, says Nature, at Deriel-Behan, the folded leaves of a willow (Salix Sa/so/j), perfect flowers of the corn-poppy, flower-heads of Ccntvurea deprcssa, and of Picris coronopi/olia. The flowers of the corn-poppy appear to have been gathered in an unopened condition to prevent the pe...

In the soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), the gene combination Fg1 Fg3 is responsible for the glycosylation in the biosynthesis of kaempferol triglucoside (K9) in leaves. The presence of K9 is associated with reduction in chlorophyll content, specific leaf mass, photosynthetic rate and stomatal frequency. Blocking the action of Fg1 Fg3 with the magenta flower gene wm prevents formation of K9 and...

Modification of the content of secondary metabolites opens the possibility of obtaining vegetables enriched in these compounds related to plant defense and human health. We report the first results of a divergent selection for glucosinolate (GSL) content of the three major GSL in leaves: sinigrin (SIN), glucoiberin (GIB), and glucobrassicin (GBS) in order to develop six kale genotypes (Brassica...

The overall aerial architecture of flowering plants depends on a group of meristematic cells in the shoot apex. We demonstrate that the Arabidopsis TERMINAL FLOWER 1 gene has a unified effect on the rate of progression of the shoot apex through different developmental phases. In transgenic Arabidopsis plants which ectopically express TERMINAL FLOWER 1, both the vegetative and reproductive phase...

A new lignan glycoside, (-)-massoniresinol 4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (4), was isolated, together with six known ones (1-3, 5-7), from the leaves of Sambucus sieboldiana. Their structures were established on the basis of chemical and spectral data.

To achieve optimal functionality, plant organs like leaves and petals have to grow to a certain size. Beginning with a limited number of undifferentiated cells, the final size of an organ is attained by a complex interplay of cell proliferation and subsequent cell expansion. Regulatory mechanisms that integrate intrinsic growth signals and environmental cues are required to enable optimal leaf ...

Learning from Botanists I was recently invited to give a keynote at a biodiversity symposium. In my talk, I covered a brief history of machine-vision computing tools, from SIFT (scaled invariant feature transform) to DPM (deformable parts model) and to DNN (deep neural networks). I talked about the ups and downs of neural networks and their application in digits recognition, face detection, and...

Carotenoids and their oxygenated derivatives xanthophylls play essential roles in the pigmentation of flowers and fruits. Wild-type tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) flowers are intensely yellow due to accumulation of the xanthophylls neoxanthin and violaxanthin. To study the regulation of xanthophyll biosynthesis, we analyzed the mutant white-flower (wf). It was found that the recessive wf phenoty...

Three anthocyanins were isolated from the leaves of red flower tea (Benibana-cha), Camellia sinensis, and their structures were determined by means of chemical and spectroscopic analyses. Two are the anthocyanins, delphinidin and cyanidin 3-O-beta-D-galactosides, respectively. Whereas the third, delphinidin 3-0-beta-D-(6-(E)-p-coumaryl)galactopyranoside. The anthocyanins were also contained in ...

when caterpillars fed on fruit-bearing pepper plants. Here, although initially feeding on leaves, the beet armyworms soon moved into the maturing fruits (Figure 1C). Our results indicate that visiting honeybees provide plants with a totally unexpected advantage: bees flying around plants inhibit the feeding intensity of herbivorous caterpillars, resulting in a clear reduction of leaf damage. Th...