Coracoid impingement results from encroachment on the coracohumeral space, presenting as anterior shoulder pain and clicking, particularly in forward flexion, medial rotation, and adduction. In eight shoulders in seven patients, coracohumeral decompression by excision of the lateral 1.5 cm of the coracoid with re-attachment of the conjoined tendon gave pain relief in all, and complete relief in...

A computational model that uses crude corrective movements to learn accurate reaching programs is presented. The model learns a feed-forward motor program in the form of pulse-step commands which drive a dynamic, 2 DOF, planar arm. The arm is actuated by two pairs of opposing muscles, which drive the shoulder and elbow joints. The model is able to learn motor programs that accurately bring the ...

Ideberg type III glenoid fractures with associated superior shoulder suspensory complex (SSSC) injuries are rare, and related treatments have not been reported in the literature. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of such injuries treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). Between July 2007 and April 2012, ten patients with Ideberg type III glenoid fr...

STUDY DESIGN A biomechanical study using human volunteers. OBJECTIVE Motorized shoulder belt tensioning is a new seatbelt technology that is likely to be incorporated into future vehicles. The objective of this study was to characterize the upper torso biomechanics of 3 sizes of adult volunteers (5th percentile female, 50th percentile male, and 95th percentile male) subjected to motorized sho...

Measuring range of motion (ROM) is the first step of a physical examination and functional evaluation of the shoulder joint. Digital inclinometers are available on the market; however, they are expensive, and hence will not come into wide use. In this study, we present a new method for the shoulder ROM measurement using the inclinometer application on a smartphone. We hypothesized that the meth...

Belt-positioning booster seats are recommended for children who use vehicle seat belts as primary restraints but who are too small to obtain good belt fit. Previous research has shown that belt-positioning boosters reduce injury risk, but the belt fit produced by the wide range of boosters in the US market has not previously been assessed. The present study describes the development of a method...

A 41-year-old right-handed woman was involved in a traffic accident and landed on the right arm while the right shoulder was in flexion. She experienced pain and severe impairment of right shoulder motion immediately following the accident. She was misdiagnosed with a fractured proximal humerus with no displacement and was treated conservatively by immobilisation. There was inadequate recovery ...

Manual wheelchair propulsion places considerable physical demand on the upper extremity and is one of the primary activities associated with the high prevalence of upper extremity overuse injuries and pain among wheelchair users. As a result, recent effort has focused on determining how various propulsion techniques influence upper extremity demand during wheelchair propulsion. However, an impo...

A three-dimensional musculoskeletal model of the shoulder and elbow has been developed, in order to increase the functional insight in the mechanical behavior of the shoulder and neural control issues, to assist in diagnosis and treatment of shoulder disorders, and to estimate the load on morphological structures for prevention of injuries. In the model all bones and joints of the upper extremi...

Surgical treatment of 3- and 4-part proximal humeral fractures remains challenging. This study retrospectively evaluated functional outcomes of locked plate fixation vs hemi-arthroplasty in 57 patients with 3- and 4-part proximal humerus fractures from 2003 to 2005 with a mean follow-up time of 35 months (range, 15.7-52.7 months). Mean patient age was 56.9 years (range, 29-81.7 years) for the o...