This paper investigates the path tracking problem for an electric vehicle which has four electromechanical wheel systems under normal and faulty conditions. With considering wheel slip constraints and certain actuator faults, a passive fault-tolerant controller based on variable structure control is developed to maintain the system stability and guarantee the acceptable tracking performance. Th...

Tire forces are the major forces propelling the road vehicles. They significantly affect the dynamic behavior of the vehicles. Estimation of the tire forces is essential in vehicle dynamics and control. This paper presents an observer-based scheme for estimation of the longitudinal tire force of electric vehicles in real time. The observer is based on a nonlinearity observer method. The pole-pl...

This paper presents an integrated traction control strategy (ITCS) for distributed drive electric vehicles. The purpose of the proposed strategy is to improve vehicle economy and longitudinal driving stability. On high adhesion roads, economy optimization algorithm is applied to maximize motors efficiency by means of the optimized torque distribution. On low adhesion roads, a sliding mode contr...

Electric-drive vehicles can provide power to the electric grid when they are parked (vehicle-to-grid power). We evaluated the economic potential f two utility-owned fleets of battery-electric vehicles to provide power for a specific electricity market, regulation, in four US regional regulation ervices markets. The two battery-electric fleet cases are: (a) 100 Th!nk City vehicle and (b) 252 Toy...

For the motion of distributed drive electric vehicles, this paper deigns a novel control strategy based on model predictive control, which can longitudinal and lateral simultaneously. Different with traditional strategies containing one vehicle controller four motor controllers, treats its in-wheel motors as object uses only to realize so that costs are reduced handling performance is improved....