Illustrations speaking for themselves can be essential for explanation of complex phenomena in scientific publications. Although almost anything can be described precisely and in great detail with perfectly chosen words, provided they are used with flawless grammar and syntax, it cannot always be taken for granted that the author’s imagination matches with those of the individual readers. The f...

For a class of one-dimensional linear elliptic fourth-order equations with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions it is shown that a non-positive and non-vanishing right-hand side gives rise to a negative solution. A similar result is obtained for the same class of equations for radially symmetric solutions in a ball or in an annulus. Several applications are given, including applications to...

All investigated cases of habitual tool use in wild chimpanzees and capuchin monkeys include youngsters encountering durable artefacts, most often in a supportive social context. We propose that enduring artefacts associated with tool use, such as previously used tools, partly processed food items and residual material from previous activity, aid non-human primates to learn to use tools, and to...

Crystal structures, the major source of protein structural information, are often regarded as static 3D snapshots of dynamic macromolecules. Thus, study of protein dynamics is often confined to computationally heavy simulations. Instead, here we data-mine membrane-protein structures directly. We show how local regions of distinct flexibility are fine-tuned to control specific functions. Protein...

High levels of mental health during studying in university, makes students able to deal effectively with numerous stressors they experience. Our aim of this study was to examine and compare social anxiety among first to fourth year student nurses of Ministry of Health affiliated universities of medical sciences located in Tehran, Iran in 2010. In this descriptive analytic study, 400 students fr...

After the 1916 success of General relativity that explained gravity by adding time as a fourth dimension, physicists have been trying to explain other physical fields by adding extra dimensions. In 1921, Kaluza and Klein has shown that under certain conditions like cylindricity (∂gij/∂x 5 = 0), the addition of the 5th dimension can explain the electromagnetic field. The problem with this approa...

After the 1916 success of General relativity that explained gravity by adding time as a fourth dimension, physicists have been trying to explain other physical fields by adding extra dimensions. In 1921, Kaluza and Klein has shown that under certain conditions like cylindricity (∂gij/∂x 5 = 0), the addition of the 5th dimension can explain the electromagnetic field. The problem with this approa...

The aim of this work is to propose a fourth dimension for the MOISE+ multiagent system organizational model, focused in the communication between roles. For that, the model MOISE+ is extended with a dialogic dimension that defines the protocols used for communication between roles. In order to interlink this new dimension to the other dimensions of the MOISE+ model, new relations are added to t...