Surface transportation networks are critical infrastructure that are frequently affected by volcanic ash fall. Disruption to surface transportation from volcanic ash is often complex with the severity of impacts influenced by a vast array of parameters including, among others, ash properties such as particle size and deposit thickness, meteorological conditions, pavement characteristics, and mi...

Due to the wide variety of attacks and the difficulties of developing an accurate statistical model of host features, the structure of the watermark detector is derived by considering a simplified channel model. In this paper, we present a fragile watermarking based on blockmapping mechanism which can perfectly recover the host image from its tampered version by generating a reference data. By ...

Are securities markets more liquid when the economy is more liquid? If so, why? One possibility is that market depth depends on credit constrained intermediaries. This paper offers another explanation, which does not involve frictions or market segmentation. Measuring market illiquidity by the slope of the representative agent’s demand curve for a risky asset, I show that this slope is steeper ...

BACKGROUND One in four Swedish women suffers a hip fracture yielding high morbidity and mortality. We wanted to revalidate a 4-item clinical risk score and evaluate a portable heel bone mineral density (BMD) technique regarding hip and fragility fracture risk among elderly women. METHODS In a population-based prospective cohort study we used clinical risk factors from a baseline questionnaire...

The perceptual image hashing is an emerging technique which can be used in image authentication and content-based image retrieval. Design of an image hashing scheme which has both robustness and fragility properties is becoming a new challenge. Recently, Xiang et al. proposed a histogram-based image hashing scheme which achieves a good robustness to perceptually insignificant attacks. However, ...

In this work fragility analysis of reinforced concrete and steel structures withinfill walls is performed.For this purpose a fuzzy-based fragility assessment framework for evaluating 3D framed structures is proposed taking into account various sources of uncertainty. In particular, randomness on the material properties and on the seismic demand is considered. The proposed framework requires the...

This research presents an alternative means of calculating vulnerability relations for buildings. Simulation-based fragility curves generated using a Monte Carlo simulation are usually not practical because of the large number of time-consuming analyses needed to obtain reliable statistics of the outcomes. This research implements a response surface metamodel to approximate complex analysis in ...

We investigate the impact of nanoparticles (NP) on the fragility and cooperative stringlike motion in a model glass-forming polymer melt by molecular dynamics simulation. The NP cause significant changes to both the fragility and the average length of stringlike motion, where the effect depends on the NP-polymer interaction and NP concentration. We interpret these changes via the Adam-Gibbs (AG...