Low frequency noise (LFN) is common as background noise in urban environments and as an emission from many artificial sources: road vehicles, aircraft, industrial machinery, artillery and mining explosions, and air movement machinery including wind turbines, compressors, and indoor ventilation and air conditioning units (Tempest, 1976; Leventhall, 1988 from St Pierre and Maguire [1]). LFN may a...

Offering less than 1ppm frequency resolution, a ΔΣ fractional-N PLL enables flexible frequency planning and reliable spread spectrum modulation for digital clock generation [1, 2]. Use of low-cost ring VCOs however, mandates a wideband PLL design, which makes it difficult for the PLL to filter out high-frequency quantization noise from the ΔΣ modulator. In many digital clocking systems, such as...

There is a great deal of interest in image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT), and to advance the state of IGRT, an integrated linear accelerator-magnetic resonance (linac-MR) system has been proposed. Knowledge of the radiofrequency (RF) emissions near a linac is important for the design of appropriate RF shielding to facilitate the successful integration of these two devices. The frequency spectra of...

low frequency noise (lfn) is ubiquitous in both occupational and general environments. mental performance of subjects exposed to lfn is expected to be impaired. individual characters seem to play a significant role in this process. this study aimed to evaluate the effects of moderate levels of lfn (20–200 hz) on mental performance. fifty-three subjects (in two groups) were exposed to low and fl...

Detecting the presence of non-stationarity events in a signal is a challenge that is still not taken up. The aim of this paper is to make a contribution to this key issue. We already proposed a non-stationarity detection defined in time-frequency domain in order to control the invariance of the time-frequency statistics. In this paper, in order to be not limited by the time and frequency resolu...

Abnormal increase of low frequency flicker noise in analog nMOSFETs with gate oxide in valence band tunneling domain is investigated. In 15Å oxide devices, valence-band electron tunneling from Si substrate to poly-gate occurs at a positive gate voltage and results in the splitting of electron and hole quasi Fermi-levels in the channel. The excess low frequency noise is attributed to electron an...

The target echo of downward-looking radar can be simulated by a multicomponent Chirp signal with noise, which makes signal detection and parameter estimation a very important processing. Aiming at the problems of error detection caused by the cross-terms in WVDHough methods and other modified WVD distribution methods, and low precision due to poor time-frequency concentration in S-Hough transfo...

The detection limitations inherent in statistically limited computed tomographic (CT) images are described through the application of signal detection theory. The detectability of large-area, low-contrast objects is shown to be chiefly dependent upon the low-frequency content of the noise power spectral density. For projection data containg uncorrelated noise, the resulting ramplike, low-freque...