Standard models for …nancial markets are based on the simplifying assumption that trading orders can be given and executed in continuous time with no friction. This assumption is clearly a strong idealization of the reality. In particular, securities should not be described by a single price but by a bid and ask curve. As a …rst approximation, one may assume that the bid and ask prices do not d...

The shear strength parameters of soil such as cohesion (C) and angle of internal friction (φ )govern the bearing capacity of shallow or deep foundations, the stability of the hill slopes as well as slopes of dams and embankments, design of retaining structures etc. in most of the civil engineering practices. In this study, artificial neural network (ANN) with the feed-forward back-propagation a...

We study the dynamics of an electrostatically driven impact microactuator. Impact between moving elements of the microactuator is modeled using the coefficient of restitution. Friction between the microactuator and its supporting substrate is modeled using the Amonton-Coulomb law. We consider the bifurcations under changes in the driving voltage and frequency. Grazing bifurcations introduce dis...

Recently, by analyzing the measurement data of Nikuradze [NACA Tech. Memo No. 1292 (1950)], it has been proposed [N. Goldenfeld, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 044503 (2006)] that the friction factor, f , of rough-pipe flow obeys a scaling law in the turbulent regime. Here, we provide a phenomenological scaling argument to explain this law and demonstrate how intermittency modifies the scaling form, ther...

introduction: nowadays,  considerable developments  in  the field  of  radiotherapy have  been  achieved.  they  include  the  advances  made  in  the  equipments  and  treatment  planning  techniques  which  require  highly complex calculations. such achievements have made it possible to treat cancer patients not only  with  higher  radiation  dose  but  also  with  higher  precision  and  con...

Microstructures, tensile properties and fracture energy of a friction stir spot welded polycarbonate (FSSW) were studied at varying rotational rates and dwelling time. The problem of common FSSW welding is the remaining of characteristic keyhole. This can act as a concentration place in mechanical tests. To order solve this problem authors took advantage of innovation for designing the welding ...

Microball bearings can potentially provide robust and low friction support in micromachines such as micromotors and microgenerators. Their microtribological behavior needs to be investigated for design and control of such micromachines. In this paper a vision-based, non-intrusive measurement method is presented for characterization of friction in linear microball bearings. Infrared imaging is u...

The plastic deformation and ductile failure behaviors of anisotropic AISI 1018 low carbon steel C260 Cu-Zn brass under uniaxial tensile loading were investigated. full-filed surface U-notched sheet metal was measured by digital image correlation technique. Three-dimensional finite element modeling using the Hill model calibrated post-necking strain hardening curve performed to obtain force hist...

We have tested the validity of using solvent shear viscosity as a measure of friction involved in the dynamics of t-stilbene. The rotational reorientation and the isomerization in n-alkanes are considered. INTRODUCTION Ultrafast techniques have made it possible to investigate hydrodynamic theories in the picosecond regime. The photoisomerization of t-stilbene has been widely used to test the Kr...

Starter selection is a critical decision in diesel engine design. The starter performance curves are generally accepted the industry, with current on horizontal axis and power, volts, speed torque vertical axis. In this way, it not possible to compare friction force curve. study, method has been developed for of suitable engines. With method, curve converted shown same graph. can be easily unde...