Knowledge has proven to be a useful and fundamental formalism for reasoning about distributed systems. The application of this formalism, however, entails a loss of volition on the part of processes about which something is known. This loss of volition is often not appropriate in loosely coupled distributed systems. In this paper, we generalize the formal characterization of knowledge into one ...

In this article the reasons for an argument to be chosen as sentence topic are discussed. I argue that a topic expression can be prototypical or not, depending on how its thematic/semantic properties reflect humans’ preference to talk about certain things and not others. Although subjects are mostly prototypical topics, I show that a non-subject topic is prototypical with predicates that select...

The term “actors” in industrial relations gained currency in John Dunlop’s Industrial Relations Systems (1958). He proposed that three parties—employers, labor unions, and government-are the key actors in a modern industrial relations system. He also argued that none of these institutions could act in an autonomous or independent fashion. Instead they were shaped, at least to some extent, by th...

The concept of a consideration set has become a central concept in the study of consumer behavior. This paper shows that the common practice of estimating models using only the set of alternatives deemed to be in the set considered by a consumer will usually result in estimated parameters that are biased due to a sample selection effect. This effect is generic to many consideration set models a...

In this literature review, the authors suggested that three themes arose from recent vocational psychology literature promoting (a) agency in career development, (b) equity in the workforce, and (c) well‐being in work and educational settings. The authors reviewed research on career adaptability, self‐efficacy beliefs, and work volition with the goal of delineating variables that promote or con...

"We have developed a novel approach for the detection of MRI based on optical atomic magnetometry," said chemist Alexander Pines, one of the world's leading authorities on NMR/MRI technology and leader of the US Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) team. Pines holds a joint appointment as a chemist with Berkeley Lab's Materials Sciences Div. and with UC Be...

and Introduction

I make some basic observations about hard takeoff, value alignment, and coherent extrapolated volition, concepts which have been central in analyses of superintelligent AI systems.

Recently, M.-J. Kim (2008) provided a reformulation of the Relevancy Condition on kes-relative clauses (kes-RCs) (Kim, Y.-B. 2002), the so-called internally headed relative clauses in Korean. In her analysis, the bipartite conditions of Kim (2002), one involving simultaneity between the main and the relative clause and the other involving a ‘resultant theme’, are collapsed into one involving a ...

The Measure Athletes’ Volition consists of 23 items that measure six elements of volitional competences. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether a subset of these items could form a short version of the scale; to provide evidence for the structural validity and internal consistency of the short version; and to test validity issues of the new scale. A total of 831 individuals fro...