introduction energy is one of the most important commodities that make up a large proportion of international trade. among all the countries in the world, iran is known as semi-industrial developing country which is rich in energy such as non-renewable energy in particular fossil fuel. use of energy affects the environment in various forms of pollution. in the agricultural sector, the fao repor...

The objective of the drive shaft is to connect with the transmission shaft with the help of universal joint whose axis intersects and the rotation of one shaft about its own axis results in rotation of other shaft about its axis. Shafts must be exceptionally tough and light to improve the overall performance of the vehicle. Automobile industries are exploring composite materials in order to obt...

This study presents a new test method for determination of energy consumption of bus HVAC units. The energy consumption corresponds to a bus engine fuel consumption increase during the operation period of the HVAC unit. The bus engine fuel consumption incrementally induced by powering an HVAC unit is determined from the HVAC unit total input power measured under four levels of bus engine speeds...

This paper presents the effect of a propeller cup on cavitation and fuel consumption bulk carrier in both calm water different weather conditions towards improving energy efficiency ship reducing level emissions terms design operation. Based optimization model, previously developed that couples NavCad Matlab code to select geometry operating point at engine with minimum consumption, optimized p...

Fuel conservation programs are instruments used by airlines to improve operational efficiency and trim fuel related costs. Identifying fuel savings to accurately manage these programs has always been an issue due to the operation volatility and lack of reliable data. Advanced data management systems were developed to support these programs, but having means to identify fuel savings is still com...

The current economical worldwide instabilities highlight the need for efficient solutions in agricultural production, order to reduce production costs, increase productivity, and address climate change mitigation. use of fossil fuel by tractors constitutes a major part carbon footprint industry. EFFiTILL system operates as useful tool hands farmers, aiming offer tillage optimization. system’s h...

One of the most important methods of transporting natural gas in Iran and other parts of the world is the utilization of a network of pipelines. Compression station and turbo compressor units play an important role in gas supply through pipelines. One of the primary concerns in these units is the reduction of fuel consumption. By cooling of exhaust gas from the source station, the pressure drop...