A 29 year old Caucasian female, with no history of chronic liver disease, presented with fulminant hepatic failure, the cause of which was not established until post-mortem when it was found that she had a rare form of hepatocellular carcinoma. To our knowledge, this is the only detailed report of hepatocellular carcinoma presenting in this manner.

UNLABELLED  Background/Purpose. In Japan, acute liver failure (ALF) has generally been described using the diagnostic term, "fulminant hepatitis", because of the fact that most cases of ALF has been thought to occur in association with hepatitis mainly due to a hepatitis virus infection. New diagnostic criteria for ALF, including ALF other than fulminant hepatitis, were established in 2011. We ...

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare critical illness, usually occurring in patients without underlying liver disease, which can cause significant mortality.[1] ALF has been known by many different terminologies including fulminant hepatic failure, hepatic necrosis, and fulminant hepatitis. While many definitions exist to characterize the process of ALF, the most widely used is the following: he...

OBJECTIVE To review the incidence, etiologies, pathophysiology, and treatment of acute liver failure (ALF) in children. Emphasis will be placed on the initial management of the multiple organ system involvement of ALF. METHOD MEDLINE search from 1970 to March 2005 was performed. Search headings were as follows: acute liver failure, fulminant liver failure, pediatric liver failure, hepatic enc...

Renal failure is a frequent complication in advanced liver disease (Conn, 1973; Papper, 1978). Gastrointestinal bleeding and forced diuresis may be the causes in fulminant hepalic. failure and cirrhosis (Hecker and Sherlock, 1956; Shear et al., 1965). Hepatic coma or an associated metabolic abnormality may affect renal function or aggravate pre-existing renal abnormalities in severe liver disea...

Herbal and dietary supplement (HDS) use has grown exponentially in the United States. Unfortunately, incidence of HDS-related liver injury proportionally increased. Despite potential for certain HDSs to cause clinically significant injury, they are not regulated by Food Drug Administration. Recent efforts have been made regulate but far removed from scrutiny prescription medications. Scant lite...

Activation of the cell-surface receptor Fas can lead to apoptosis in parenchymal cells in the liver, and if severe enough, result in fulminant hepatic failure and animal death. In the present study, we have examined the roles played by the Bcl-2 family members Bcl-xL and Bid in regulating this response. To do this, we have developed chemically modified 2'-O-(2-methoxy) ethyl antisense inhibitor...

We present a case of acute fulminant liver failure from a liver detoxification tea. We present a 60-year-old female with weakness, lethargy, scleral icterus, jaundice, and worsening mental status. She drank herbal tea three times a day for 14 days prior to symptom development. Liver tests were elevated. Remaining laboratory tests and imaging were negative for other etiologies. An ultrasound-gui...

Liver cell regeneration was assessed by determining the mitotic index and the frequency of liver cells with interploid DNA values in livers from patients dying from fulminant hepatitis. For comparison, the same parameters were determined in patients with uncomplicated hepatitis. We found comparable levels of regeneration in the two groups, indicating that the rate of liver cell destruction is a...

Clozapine is an effective antipsychotic drug but is associated with serious side effects. Most treatment guidelines give no clear recommendations on regular monitoring of liver function tests, even though up to 60% of patients experience elevations in hepatic transaminases, with 15% to 30% experiencing an elevation two to three times greater than normal. Though elevations in liver function test...