Chronic lateral ankle instability (CAI) is defined as the occurrence of recurrent bouts instability. Clinical examination should be supplemented by a complete, directed imaging assessment. Imaging occurred simple comparative AP and weight-bearing X-ray, stress X-rays, ultrasound, CT arthrography MRI. Arthroscopic classification chronic stable ankle, moderate instability, severe global Managemen...

CONTEXT Current research into the etiology of joint instability has yielded inconsistent results, limiting our understanding of how to prevent and treat ligamentous injury effectively. Recently, cortical reorganization was demonstrated in patients with ligamentous injury; however, these neural changes have not been assessed relative to joint laxity. OBJECTIVE The purpose of the current study ...