The emergence of insecticide resistant insect pests is of significant concern worldwide. The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, is an important agricultural pest and has shown incredible resilience developing resistance to a number of chemical pesticides. Entomopathogenic fungi such as Isaria fumosorosea offer an attractive alternative to chemical pesticides for insect control, and this fungus has been ...

To better understand the nature of resistance of tomato to the whitefly (Bemisia tabaci, B biotype)-transmitted Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), whiteflies and TYLCV were considered as particular cases of biotic stresses and virus resistance as a particular case of successful response to these stresses. Two inbred tomato lines issued from the same breeding program that used Solanum habroc...

Withdrawal of the use of cheap, persistent organochlorine insecticides in New Zealand pastures has shifted the emphasis of insect pest control to non-chemical methods during the last 10-15 years. The potential of plant resistance and biological control for achieving major advances in pasture pest management are illustrated by the resistance to Argentine stem weevil (Listronotus bonariensis) of ...

Plant immune responses are triggered by pattern recognition receptors that detect conserved pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) or by resistance (R) proteins recognizing isolate-specific pathogen effectors. We show that in barley, intracellular mildew A (MLA) R proteins function in the nucleus to confer resistance against the powdery mildew fungus. Recognition of the fungal avirulenc...

The inhibitory effects and mechanisms of eugenol were studied in pathogenic fungi that isolated from passion fruit affected with naturally occurring rot; additionally, the effect treatment on rot resistance was investigated. corresponding results demonstrated fungus causing Lasiodiplodia theobromae minimal concentration against L. 0.30 mg/mL. Eugenol significantly inhibited mycelial growth spor...

Wood technology is constantly looking for environmentally friendly technological solutions. It seems that nanotechnology can provide green and alternatives wood protection. In this study, the antifungal activity of silver copper nanoparticles against white rot fungus Fomes fomentarius was investigated under in vitro conditions with respect to protection Fagus sylvatica wood. both experiments, 5...

Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & Curt.) C.T. Wei is a fungus that occupies several diverse habits from saprophyte to parasite of plants, nematodes and humans. As phytoparasitic fungus, C. causes disease in broad range plant species worldwide. It target spot on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Soya bean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) economic importance. Increasing demand for food fibre supply growing wo...

Background: Candida auris is a globally emerging yeast pathogen that has shown not only resistance to most anti-fungal drugs but also thermo-tolerance to temperatures higher than the mammalian’s body temperature. Although it has been only a decade since the fungus was identified, its spread of infections has been rapid and quasi-epidemics have been reported. Co-occurrences of the fungus infecti...

Pleurotus eryngii is a mushroom growing in the Bakhtiari province of Iran and is known as a mountain fungus. The fresh fungus is used as a food, and when dried its powder has been used as an anthelmintic drug. We decided to study the anthelmintic activity of P. eryngii on Hymenolepis nana (cestode) and Syphacia obvelata (nematode), using experimental animals. Water extract of P. eryngii wa...

Abiotic stresses including salinity are the major limiting factors of growth and crop production worldwide. Microbial endophytes as the most important soil microorganisms, by modifying plants at genetical, physiological and ecological levels increase their yield per area unit and provide the possibility of crop production in saline and arid soils or climates with biotic and abiotic stresses. Th...