This paper studies the choice of payment instruments in a simple model where both money and credit can be used as means of payment. We endogenize the acceptability of credit by allowing retailers to invest in a costly record-keeping technology. Our framework captures the two-sided market interaction between consumers and retailers, leading to strategic complementarities that can generate multip...

Songbirds develop their songs by imitating songs of adults. For song learning to proceed normally, the bird's hearing must remain intact throughout the song development process. In many species, song learning takes place during one period early in life, and no more new song elements are learned thereafter. In these so-called close-ended learners, it has long been assumed that once song developm...

The objective of this model is to investigate the inventory system for perishable items with linear demand pattern where Weibull deterioration is considered. The Economic order quantity is determined for minimizing the average total cost per unit time. The unit production cost is taken to be inversely related to the demand rate. The result is illustrated with numerical example.

The visually evoked P 300 wave and related reaction times (RTs) were studied in 25 patients with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Both the P 300 wave latency and the RTs were significantly increased compared with 14 control subjects, and were correlated with an intellectual deterioration index calculated from neuropsychological scores. It is suggested that the study of wave P 300 may contr...

this paper studies a maintenance policy for a system composed of two components, which are subject to continuous deterioration and consequently stochastic failure. the failure of each component results in the failure of the system. the components are inspected periodically and their deterioration degrees are monitored. the components can be maintained using different maintenance actions (repair...

This paper studies a maintenance policy for a system composed of two components, which are subject to continuous deterioration and consequently stochastic failure. The failure of each component results in the failure of the system. The components are inspected periodically and their deterioration degrees are monitored. The components can be maintained using different maintenance actions (repair...

It is now more than ten years since the introduction of mitral valvotomy. The initial results (Baker, Brock, and Campbell 1950; Baker et al., 1952) and a three-year follow-up of the first 45 Guy's cases (Baker et al., 1955) have been published. We now report a larger group of 200 patients followed up for over five years, which allows a more complete assessment of the long-term benefits of mitra...

Twenty-two patients underwent cardiac catheterization before and an average of five months after aorto-coronary bypass operation (ACBO). Two groups were examined: 10 patients with all grafts patent, and 12 patients with one or more grafts occluded. All patients improved symptomatically, regardless of graft patency. However, in the occluded group, left ventricular enddiastolic pressure (LVEDP) i...

To explore the effect of leaching erosion on deterioration mechanism ionic rare earth slope bedrock. The E-TOPSIS method and fuzzy grey correlation were used to fuse analyze multi-source heterogeneous information such as porosity, pH, mass, volume, density, P-wave characteristic strength bedrock specimens. dominant response parameters slopes under obtained, fusion analysis model was established...