-Structured Query Language (SQL) is a very powerful too, but it is unable to satisfy needs for data selection based on linguistic expressions and degree of truth. As we know that the information in real-world applications is often vague, imprecise and uncertain. Fuzzy logic breaks the rigid crisp logic boundaries and allows decision to be taken in a more realistic manner. In database context, s...

Fuzzy Description Logics (Fuzzy DLs) are logics that allow to deal with structured knowledge affected by fuzziness. Fuzzy DLs are at the heart of Fuzzy OWL 2, a fuzzy version of the standard ontology language OWL 2. Although a relatively important amount of work has been carried out in the last years, fuzzy DLs are open to be extended with several features worked out in other fields. In particu...

It is well known fact that binary relations are generalized mathematical functions. Contrary to functions from domain to range, binary relations may assign to each element of domain two or more elements of range. Some basic operations on functions such as the inverse and composition are applicable to binary relations as well. Depending on the domain or range or both are fuzzy value fuzzy set, i...

background: there are many studies to investigate the effects of each interacting component of tumor-immune system interactions. in all these studies, the distinct effect of each component was investigated. as the interaction of tumor-immune system has feedback and is complex, the alternation of each component may affect other components indirectly. objective: because of the complexities of tum...

Fast spin-echo (FSE) sequences are becoming popular for T2-weighted clinical imaging because they result in a severalfold reduction in imaging time and because they provide conventional spin-echo contrast for most tissues. Fat, however, has been observed to have anomalously high signal intensity on FSE images. The present study shows that the brighter fat results from the multiple 180 degrees r...

It is easy for an expert to express his/her preferences using fuzzy linguistic term such as ‘good’, ‘very good’ in group decision making because of uncertainty existing. The linguistic 2-tuple representation model was selected to represent fuzzy linguistic term. To obtain the objective decision power in a linguistic 2-tuple judgment matrix given by an expert, the paper put forward a new approac...

This research applied fuzzy c-means and fuzzy integral theories to a proposed novel two-step machinery fault diagnosis model. Distributed multiple fuzzy c-means classifiers were used to produce an initial diagnosis result by considering different features. Fuzzy measure and fuzzy integral data fusion theory was then applied to combine the initial diagnosis results into a consensus final decisio...

In this paper, we introduce a special algebra called EQ-algebra which has three binary operations (meet, product, fuzzy equality) and a top element. The fuzzy equality is reflexive, symmetric and transitive with respect to the product. EQ-algebra is a natural algebra proposed as an algebra of truth values on the basis of which the fuzzy type theory (a higher-order fuzzy logic) should be develop...