Faunal elements are groups of species with similar contemporary distributional patterns and may represent an historical association. It is hypothesized that members of a faunal element will respond similarly to environmental conditions. Since the mid-1960s the central plains has experienced cool, mesic (cryomesic) conditions. The distributional limits of members of the Boreal faunal element in ...

This paper presents new records and noteworthy data on the following taxa in SE Europe adjacent regions: red algae Hildenbrandia rivularis, saprotrophic fungus Cryptomarasmius corbariensis, lichenised fungi Lecanora stenotropa, Micarea misella Sticta sylvatica, liverworts Fossombronia caespitiformis Peltolepis quadrata, mosses Dicranoweisia cirrata Fissidens exilis, horsetail Equisetum ? moorei...

Arctic and alpine, high latitude elevation environments are one of the most stressful for species to inhabit. This harshness manifests itself in lower richness comparison more southern vegetation zones (Francis & Currie, 2003). Furthermore, climatic oscillations—past predicted—have dramatic effect on these ecosystems. For example, regions continental ice sheets—the northernmost part Western Eur...