This work illustrates a procedure to assess the overall accuracy associated with Gamma Knife treatment planning using plugging. The main role of source plugging or blocking is to create dose falloff in the junction between a target and a critical structure. We report the use of MAGAT gel dosimeter for verification of an experimental treatment plan based on plugging. The polymer gel contained in...

In this short note we answer a query of Brodzki, Niblo, \v{S}pakula, Willett and Wright \cite{ULA} by showing that all bounded degree uniformly locally amenable graphs have Property A. For the second result recall Kaiser \cite{Kaiser} proved if $\Gamma$ is finitely generated group $\{H_i\}^\infty_{i=1}$ Farber sequence finite index subgroups, then associated Schreier graph A only amenable. We s...

Allergic contact dermatitis to cement is a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction in which cytokines interferon-gamma (IEN-y) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) may be involved in persisting erythema and oedema. VEGF and IFN-gamma levels in serum and skin lesions were measured in 32 Egyptian building workers with chronic allergic contact dermatitis due to occupational exposure to ceme...

Gamma index pass rates were evaluated for an anthropomorphic phantom using both 2D and 3D calculations. The phantom was irradiated with the traditional dosimetry insert loaded with radiochromic film and TLD, and then with a 3D dosimetry insert. A comparison with the calculated dose distribution showed that both the PRESAGE ® dosimeter and the film and TLD system agreed with the plan to within 5...

Gamma-ray burst time histories often consist of many peaks. These peaks tend to be narrower at higher energy. If gamma-ray bursts are cos-mological, the energy dependence of gamma-ray burst time scales must be understood in order to correct the time scale dependence due to the expansion of the universe. By using the average autocorrelation function and the average pulse width, we show that the ...

Gamma oscillations have previously been linked to pain perception and it has been hypothesized that they may have a potential role in encoding pain intensity. Stimulus response experiments have reported an increase in activity in the primary somatosensory cortex (SI) with increasing stimulus intensity, but the specific role of oscillatory dynamics in this change in activation remains unclear. I...

We have observed the supernova remnant MSH15−52 (G320.4−1.2), which contains the gamma-ray pulsar PSR B1509−58, using the CANGAROO-III imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope array from April to June in 2006. We detected gamma rays above 810GeV at the 7 sigma level during a total effective exposure of 48.4 hours. We obtained a differential gamma-ray flux at 2.35TeV of (7.9±1.5stat±1.7sys)×10 −1...

Owing to lack of multiple components prompt $\gamma$-ray emissions in short gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs), how these distinct are correlated still keeps unclear. In this paper, we investigate the spectral and temporal properties precursors, main peaks extended 26 sGRBs including GRB 170817A. It is found that peak energies ($E_p$) each pulse uncorrelated with duration ($t_{dur}$). Meanwhile, find the...

We study a set of four-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ superconformal field theories (SCFTs) $\widehat{\Gamma}(G)$ labeled by pair simply-laced Lie groups $\Gamma$ and $G$. They are constructed out gauging number $\mathcal{D}_p(G)$ $(G, G)$ conformal matter SCFTs; therefore they do not have Lagrangian descriptions in general. For $\Gamma = D_4, E_6, E_7, E_8$ some special choices $G$, the resulting...

Introduction: The aim of this study is evaluation of two Quality Assurance methods in sliding window IMRT technique and Determination of gamma index in both methods   Materials and Methods: In this study two tools named" Delta4" phantom and " Epiqa" software has been used to perform QA on the treatment plan before the actual treatment by Varian linear acceler...