Abstract Surface roughness plays a critical role and has effects in, e.g. fluid dynamics or contact mechanics. For example, to evaluate behavior at different properties, real-world numerical experiments are performed. Numerical simulations of rough surfaces can speed up these studies because they help collect more relevant information. However, it is hard simulate with deterministic structured ...

Gaussian processes~(Kriging) are interpolating data-driven models that frequently applied in various disciplines. Often, processes trained on datasets and subsequently embedded as surrogate optimization problems. These problems nonconvex global is desired. However, previous literature observed computational burdens limiting deterministic to few data points. We propose a reduced-space formulatio...