Layers of metals were applied so as to cause local stress, which is proposed to create voids in which nuclear reactions can be initiated when the material is exposed to H2. Photon emission having energy sufficient to pass through 3.86 g/cm of absorbing material was detected using a Geiger-Mueller detector. This radiation was observed to last many hours and is not typical of what is called fract...

The authors made calibration of an end-window Geiger Müller (GM) survey meter in terms of the beta dose rate and applied it to measurements of the beta dose rate in the environments contaminated by the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear accident. The range of validity of the calibration factors to be applied to the GM probe was verified (1) by the measurement of contaminated soil samples removed from th...

There are a good number of introductory-level textbooks on data warehousing and OLAP technology, including Kimball and Ross [KR02], Imhoff, Galemmo and Geiger [IGG03], Inmon [Inm96], Berson and Smith [BS97], and Thomsen [Tho97]. Chaudhuri and Dayal [CD97] provide a general overview of data warehousing and OLAP technology. A set of research papers on materialized views and data warehouse impleme...

Abstract. Climate classification systems are useful for investigating future climate scenarios, water availability, and even socioeconomic indicators as they relate to dynamics. There several that apply energy variables create zone boundaries, although there has yet be a simultaneous comparison of the structure function multiple existing schemes. Moreover, presently no frameworks include evapot...

Independence between two sets of random variables is a well-known relation in probability theory. Its origins trace back to Abraham de Moivre’s work in the 18th century. The propositional theory of this relation was axiomatized by Geiger, Paz, and Pearl. Sutherland introduced a relation in information flow theory that later became known as “nondeducibility.” Subsequently, the first two authors ...

EDITORIAL COMMENT Conventional radiotherapy or chemotherapy has little success in the treatment of adenocarcinoma of the stomach. It is suggested that if radiotherapy can be given at times of tumour mitotic activity then greater success might be achieved. In this case a pattern of tumour activity was induced by Methotrexate and radiotherapy given during peaks of activity as judged by the Geiger...

It is shown through physics-based Monte Carlo simulations of avalanche photodiode (APD) LADAR receivers that under typical operating scenarios, Geiger-mode APD (GmAPD) flash LADAR receivers may often be ineffective. These results are corroborated by analysis of the signal photon detection efficiency and signal-to-noise ratio metrics. Due to their ability to detect only one pulse per laser shot,...

The paper analyzes interdependencies between strategies of players in a Nash equilibrium using independence relation between two sets of players. A sound and complete axiomatization of this relation is given. It has been shown previously that the same axiomatic system describes independence in probability theory, information flow, and concurrency theory.

Recently developed multipixel Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes (G-APDs) are very promising candidates for the detection of light in medical imaging instruments (e.g. positron emission tomography) as well as in high-energy physics experiments and astrophysical applications. G-APDs are especially well suited for morpho-functional imaging (multimodality PET/CT, SPECT/CT, PET/MRI, SPECT/MRI). G-AP...

Photodiodes are the simplest but most versatile semiconductor optoelectronic devices. They can be used for direct detection of light, of soft X and gamma rays, and of particles such as electrons or neutrons. For many years, the sensors of choice for most research and industrial applications needing photon counting or timing have been vacuum-based devices such as Photo-Multiplier Tubes, PMT, and...