AIM This study aims to evaluate the incremental value of plasma biomarkers to traditional clinical variables for risk stratification of 30-day and one-year mortality in acutely decompensated heart failure (ADHF). METHODS AND RESULTS Through an international collaborative network, individual patient data on 5306 patients hospitalized for ADHF were collected. The all-cause mortality rate was 11...

Gender stratification in education is declining in China, but some recent research suggests that girls' schooling is still vulnerable in poor rural areas. This chapter investigates girls' educational vulnerability in Gansu, one of China's poorest provinces. Specifically, it analyzes the Gansu Survey of Children and Families, a multisite survey that interviewed 2,000 rural children, along with t...

Aims: To quantify the prevalence of faecal incontinence in the Australian population by deriving age and gender-specific rates of urinary incontinence from the literature and applying them to the Australian population. Materials and Methods: Systematic review of the literature pertaining to the prevalence of urinary incontinence from 1995 onward. Setting: Only studies of the prevalence of commu...

INTRODUCTION Renal dimensions (RD) are important for the diagnostic and the prognostic of nephropathies. MATERIALS AND METHODS We selected 904 Brazilians subjects with normal excretory urographies, showing dense nephrogram at the 5th minute of the exam, serum creatinine < 1.3mg/dl, and absence of any disease that could modify RD. Length, width, and area of both kidneys were correlated with ge...

Gender differences in health have been linked to gender stratification in the United States. Women's relation to production, paid and unpaid work, and their experience of this gender inequality disadvantage their self-rated health compared to men. Men's consumption or health lifestyles disfavors their comparative health. This formulation is tested in the Czech Republic with a sample of matched ...

BACKGROUND/AIM The female gender appears to suffer from more adverse drug reactions (ADRs) than the male gender. So far, there has been no epidemiologic study analyzing gender-based differences in drug prescribing and its ADR risks. The aim of the present study was to establish a drug risk stratification adjusted to age, number of prescriptions and drug classes with respect to gender difference...

It has been shown that males with spondyloarthritis tend to suffer from more severe spinal disease while females are more likely to have peripheral joint involvement. Nevertheless, gender-related differences have not been thoroughly explored in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). In PsA, males accumulate more peripheral and axial joint damage compared to women. However, it is not clear whether these fin...

BACKGROUND Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH) is one of the main risk factors for Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), in addition to male gender. Differences in coronary artery lesions between hypertensive and normotensive individuals of both genders at the Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA) have not been clearly determined. OBJECTIVE To Investigate the calcium score (CS), CAD exten...

Social stratification theories articulate the processes by which social hierarchies are generated and perpetuated. This paper contributes to that literature, exploring the relationship between macroeconomic outcomes and racial/ethnic and gender inequalities in industrial and developing economies. A key factor in the relationship between the macroeconomy and intergroup inequality is that inequal...

Employing a nationally representative sample of science faculty in U.S. colleges, we investigate 3 explanations for persisting differences in women’s faculty representation across science fields even after adjusting for women’s variable representation among doctoral recipients. First, we examine labor market factors: (a) differential growth rates and “critical mass” in the supply of women docto...