objective we describe three patients with very severe spinal muscular atrophy (sma) presented with reduced fetal movement in utero, profound hypotonia, severe weakness and respiratory insufficiency at birth. in all infants, electrodiagnostic studies were compatible with a neurogenic pattern. in genetic studies, all cases had homozygous deletions of exons 7 and 8 of survival motor neuron (smn) a...

abstract erosion and sedimentation are the most complicated problems in hydrodynamic which are very important in water-related projects of arid and semi-arid basins. for this reason, the presence of suitable methods for good estimation of suspended sediment load of rivers is very valuable. solving hydrodynamic equations related to these phenomenons and access to a mathematical-conceptual model ...

A seven-year old Australian Shepherd, suffering from idiopathic epilepsy under treatment with phenobarbitone and potassium bromide, was presented with generalised lower motor neuron signs. Electrophysiology and muscle-nerve biopsies revealed a neuromyopathy. The serum bromide concentration was increased more than two-fold above the upper reference value. Clinical signs disappeared after applyin...

in this paper, tripled coincidence points of mappings satisfying  -contractive conditions in the framework of partially ordered gb-metric spaces are obtained. our results extend the results of aydi et al. [h. aydi, e. karapnar and w. shatanawi, tripled xed point results in generalized metric space, j. applied math., volume 2012, article id 314279, 10 pages]. moreover, some examples of the mai...

abstract. let r be a 2-torsion free ring with identity. in this paper, first we prove that any jordan left derivation (hence, any left derivation) on the full matrix ringmn(r) (n  2) is identically zero, and any generalized left derivation on this ring is a right centralizer. next, we show that if r is also a prime ring and n  1, then any jordan left derivation on the ring tn(r) of all n×n up...

Neurons that exhibit a peak at finite frequency in their membrane potential response to oscillatory inputs are widespread in the nervous system. However, the influence of this subthreshold resonance on spiking properties has not yet been thoroughly analyzed. To this end, generalized integrate-and-fire models are introduced that reproduce at the linear level the subthreshold behavior of any give...

Zinc is a substance that regulates neural excitability by binding whit sodium channel and potassium channel. The efficiency of free zinc ion, make down the neural survival rate, reduced the peak amplitude of Na+ and make depolarization Na channel, increased the peak amplitude of transition outward k+ currents and delayed rectifier. Also it is an effective blocker of one subtype of tetrodoxine (...

The response of a neuron to a time-dependent stimulus, as measured in a Peri-Stimulus-Time-Histogram (PSTH), exhibits an intricate temporal structure that reflects potential temporal coding principles. Here we analyze the encoding and decoding of PSTHs for spiking neurons with arbitrary refractoriness and adaptation. As a modeling framework, we use the spike response model, also known as the ge...