Genetically engineered protein block polymers are an important class of biomaterials that have gained significant attention in recent years due to their potential applications in biotechnology, electronics and medicine. The majority of the protein materials have been composed of at least a single self-assembling domain (SAD), enabling the formation of supramolecular structures. Recently, we dev...

Traceability of GMO food and feed is a growing request among the European populations and the European Community has responded by providing a complex set of EC Regulations on GMO traceability, detection and labelling, to ensure that the general public is able to make an informed choice about the food they eat. Despite the efficiency and sensitivity of modern GMO detection methods, the regulatio...

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have recently attracted the attention of agricultural, medical and food scientists and governments of many countries in the world due to an increasing concern that the recombinant gene(s) inserted into an organism may result in unforeseen effects. Therefore, there is a need to regulate each transgenic event so that the officially approved events will be the...

Modern biotechnology, including the application of transgenic techniques to produce Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs), can play a significant role in increasing agricultural production in a sustainable way, but its products need to be tailored for the developing world. In sub-Saharan Africa, the capacity to develop GMOs and ensure they meet stringent regulatory requirements is somewhat limi...

Regulations for both the labeling and the traceability of GMOs in food and feed chains are coming into force worldwide. Turkey is one of the countries enforcing labeling of food products containing GMOs. For this purpose, reliable and accurate detection methods are a necessity. PCR-based methods are the most common and reliable methods developed thus far. The aim of our study was to evaluate th...

There is a scientific consensus, even in Europe, that the GMO foods and crops currently on the market have brought no documented new risks either to human health or to the environment. Europe has decided to stifle the use of this new technology, not because of the presence of risks, but because of the absence so far of direct benefits to most Europeans. Farmers in Europe are few in number, and ...

Ensuring foods are correctly labelled for ingredients derived from genetically modified organisms (GMOs) is an issue facing manufacturers, retailers, and enforcement agencies. DNA approaches for the determination of food authenticitys often use the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and PCR products can be detected using capillary or gel electrophoresis. This study examines the fitness for purpos...

The Advisory Committee of Releases into the Environment (ACRE) is an independent advisory committee composed of leading scientists and technical experts. Our main function is to give statutory advice to UK ministers and ministers in the Devolved Administrations on the risks to human health and the environment posed by the release and marketing of genetically modified organisms (GMOs). This repo...

Death of unicellular organisms is brought about by the inactivation of a certain number of essential molecules in the cell. If the number of these essential molecules is only one per cell, the order of death is the same as if the cell were identical with this molecule; the order of death is logarithmic following the mass law. If more than one molecule must be inactivated before the cell dies, t...