Efficient and flexible data structures are important to the development of computer mapping. Most current data banks are characterized by 1) structures which' are convenient at the input stage rather than at the stages of use within computer programs, 2) separate and uncoordinated files for different types of geographic feahires, and 3) a lack of information about neighboring entities. The term...

A large volume of data with complex structures is currently represented in GML (Geography Markup Language) for storing and exchanging geographic information. As the size and complexity of such documents and their schemas grow, techniques and rules for designing and creating such documents become indispensable. This paper introduces a method for mapping geographic conceptual specifications (defi...

Land cover/land use categories are relevant components in land management. Understanding how land cover/land use change over time is necessary to assess the consequences of humans and natural stressors on the earth’s environment and resources. The aim of the study was to map and monitor the spatial and temporal change in land cover/land use for the periods of 1977, 1991 and 2016 and to predict ...

Integration of geographic information has increased in importance because of new possibilities arising from the interconnected world and the increasing availability of geographic information. Ontologies support the creation of conceptual models and help with information integration. In this paper, we propose a way to link the formal representation of semantics (i.e., ontologies) to conceptual s...