location-allocation is a combinatorial optimization problem, and is defined as non deterministic polynomial hard (np) hard optimization. therefore, solution of such a problem should be shifted from exact to heuristic or meta heuristic due to the complexity of the problem. locating medical centers and allocating injuries of an earthquake to them has high importance in earthquake disaster managem...

In this paper we present an algorithm for a location based adaptive routing protocol that uses both geographic routing and reinforcement learning to maximize throughput in our mobile vehicle network. We use reinforcement learning to determine the correct direction to forward a packet and then use geographic routing to forward a packet toward the network sink. We use an extension of the q-routin...

In this paper we classify the greedy routing in sensor networks into two categories, strong greedy routing and weak greedy routing. Most existing work mainly focuses on weak greedy routing over geographic location network or strong greedy routing over greedy embedding network. It is a difficult job and needs much cost to obtain geographic location or greedy embedding of the network. We propose ...

The two important questions that this paper will attempt to answer are: (1) why is it that regardless of race/ethnicity or geographic location, the sex ratio data at birth show more males than females?; and (2) Why is it that regardless of geographic location compared to other racial/ethnic groups, Black women or Women of sub-Saharan Black African descent tend to give birth to more females? Or ...

The seventh edition of the Placing Task at MediaEval focuses on two challenges: (1) estimation-based placing, which addresses estimating the geographic location where a photo or video was taken, and (2) verification-based placing, which addresses verifying whether a photo or video was indeed taken at a pre-specified geographic location. Like the previous edition, we made the organizer baselines...

In this paper, we describe our approaches and their results as part of the MediaEval 2012 Placing Task evaluation. We present two different tag-based techniques. Both first preselect one or several geographic area of interest and then perform a deeper analysis inside the selected area(s) to return the coordinates more likely to be related with the input tags. In addition, we also implement a co...

In this paper, we consider the security of geographic routing (GR) protocols. In GR, neighbors exchange their location information. Based on this information, a node forwards packets to the neighbor that is closest to the destination. Although GR is widely used in ad hoc and wireless sensor networks, its security has rarely been studied; there are a number of attacks that are possible on GR. In...

water use productivity is one of the most important factors in scientific agriculture. it is equal to 0. 7 kg of production per cubic meter of irrigation water (kg/m3) in iran which is very low in comparison with advanced countries (1 to 2 kg/m3). current research studies temporal and spatialchanges of water use productivity in hamedan province in iran using geographic information system (gis),...

Geographic networks use physical location as destination addresses, and forward packets topographically. These networks enable geographic and proximity-sensitive applications, unlike the current Internet naming and routing architecture. Geographic routing applied to a native network generally suffers from routing inconsistencies and inefficiencies. A geographic overlay can be incrementally depl...

The Landscape Genetics GIS Toolbox contains tools that run in the Geographic Information System software, ArcGIS(®), to map genetic landscapes and to summarize multiple genetic landscapes as average and variance surfaces. These tools can be used to visualize the distribution of genetic diversity across geographic space and to study associations between patterns of genetic diversity and geograph...