Two potential malaria virulence factors, parasite multiplication rate (PMR) and red blood cell selectivity (measured as selectivity index [SI]), were assessed in Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates from Mali and Kenya. At both sites, PMRs were low (Kenya median = 2.2, n = 33; Mali median = 2.6, n = 61) and did not differ significantly between uncomplicated and severe malaria cases. Malian i...

Despite certain shortcomings, boiling is still the most common means of treating water in the home and the benchmark against which alternative household-based disinfection and filtration methods must be measured. We assessed the microbiological effectiveness and cost of boiling among a vulnerable population relying on unimproved water sources and commonly practicing boiling as a means of disinf...

We measured high precision lead isotope ratios and lead concentrations in blood, urine, and environmental samples to assess the significance of diet as a contributing factor to blood and urine lead levels in a cohort of 23 migrant women and 5 Australian-born women. We evaluated possible correlations between levels of dietary lead intake and changes observed in blood and urine lead levels and is...

It has been consistently demonstrated that human proximal limb elements exhibit negative allometry, while distal elements scale with positive allometry. Such scaling implies that longer limbs will have higher intralimb indices, a phenomenon not borne out by empirical analyses. This, therefore, creates a paradox within the limb allometry literature. This study shows that these apparently conflic...

Using the arithmetic-geometric mean inequality, we give bounds for k-subpermanents of nonnegative n × n matrices F. In the case k = n, we exhibit an n 2-set S whose arithmetic and geometric means constitute upper and lower bounds for per(F)/n!. We offer sharpened versions of these bounds when F has zero-valued entries.

We consider T f = ∫ x1 0 ∫ x2 0 f (t1, t2)dt1dt2 and a corresponding geometric mean operator G f = exp(1/x1x2) ∫ x1 0 ∫ x2 0 log f (t1, t2)dt1dt2. E. T. Sawyer showed that the Hardy-type inequality ‖T f ‖Lq u ≤ C‖ f ‖Lp v could be characterized by three independent conditions on the weights. We give a simple proof of the fact that if the weight v is of product type, then in fact only one condit...

maize improvement for high temperature tolerance requires the reliable assessment of parental inbred lines and their combinations. fifteen maize inbred lines were evaluated during 2007 and 2008 in shushtar city (khuzestan province). the inbred lines were planted at two dates: 6 july, to coincide heat stress with pollination time; and 27 july, as normal planting to avoid high temperature during ...

in order to study of drought tolerance in advanced grain sorghum lines, an experiment was conducted in a split-plot on randomized complete block design with three replications in experimental field of seed and plant improvement institute, karaj, iran during 2009-2010. irrigation regimes were assigned to main plots at three levels including normal irrigation (i1=60mm), moderate stress (i2=120mm)...

in order to evaluate terminal drought tolerance in different canola cultivars based on drought tolerance indices, an experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design (rcbd) with three replications at experimental field of seed and plant improvement institute (spii), karaj in 2008-09. results using stress tolerance index (sti), geometric mean productivity (gmp) and mean product...