Tumor suppressor p53-dependent stress response pathways play an important role in cell fate determination. In this study, we have found that glucose depletion promotes the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha (AMPKalpha) in association with a significant up-regulation of p53, thereby inducing p53-dependent apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Thymocytes prepared fr...

INTRODUCTION Disorders that affect glucose metabolism, namely diabetes mellitus (DM), may favor the development and/or progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Thus far, little is known regarding the ability of chondrocytes to adjust to variations in the extracellular glucose concentration, resulting from hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia episodes, and so, to avoid deleterious effects resulting from de...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to determine the paired consequences of food restriction and paradoxical sleep deprivation on lipid profile and spontaneous glucose levels in male rats. METHOD Food restriction began at weaning, with 6 g of food being provided per day, which was subsequently increased by 1 g per week until reaching 15 g per day by the eighth week. At adulthood, both ra...

The interstitial fluid of the human myocardium was monitored in 13 patients undergoing aortic valve and/or bypass surgery before, during, and after hypothermic potassium cardioplegia. The regulation of glucose and lactate was studied after sampling with microdialysis. The following questions were addressed. 1). Is the rate of transcapillary diffusion the limiting step for myocardial uptake of g...

Previous studies suggest that metformin may exert a protective effect on cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in cancer cells, and this finding has led to a caution for considering metformin use in the treatment of cancer patients. However, in this paper we provide the first demonstration that metformin synergistically augments cisplatin cytotoxicity in the esophageal squamous cancer cell line, ECA10...

The idea that conversion of glucose to ATP is an attractive target for cancer therapy has been supported in part by the observation that glucose deprivation induces apoptosis in rodent cells transduced with the proto-oncogene MYC, but not in the parental line. Here, we found that depletion of glucose killed normal human cells irrespective of induced MYC activity and by a mechanism different fro...

Cancer cells utilize flexible metabolic programs to maintain viability and proliferation under stress conditions including nutrient deprivation. Here we report that phospholipase D1 (PLD1) participates in the regulation of metabolic plasticity in cancer cells. PLD1 activity is required for cancer cell survival during prolonged glucose deprivation. Blocking PLD1 sensitizes cancer cells to glycol...

There is a striking similarity between the effects of adenosine and of hypoxia or glucose depletion on membrane potential and conductance of hippocampal neurones in tissue slices of rat brain. Both induce a membrane hyperpolarization by an increase in potassium conductance. It seemed likely, therefore, that a rise in extracellular adenosine concentration during energy deprivation may link neuro...

UNLABELLED Glucose is the preferred carbon source for the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Glucose limitation activates Snf1 protein kinase, a key regulator of energy homeostasis that promotes utilization of alternative carbon sources and enforces energy conservation. Snf1 activation requires phosphorylation of its T-loop threonine (Thr210) by upstream kinases. When glucose is abundant, Snf1 is i...

The expression of different vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) genes was studied in glioma U87 cells with endoplasmic reticulum-nuclei-1 (ERN1) loss of function and its regulation by hypoxia and glutamine or glucose deprivation conditions as model of ischemia. The blockade of function of the ERN1 enzyme, which is a major sensor of endoplasmic reticulum stress, leads to a decrease of the ...