BACKGROUND The purpose of the study was to determine if the effect of llama OIF on LH secretion is mediated by stimulation of the hypothalamus or pituitary gland. METHODS Using a 2-by-2 factorial design to examine the effects of OIF vs GnRH with or without a GnRH antagonist, llamas with a growing ovarian follicle greater than or equal to 8 mm were assigned randomly to four groups (n = 7 per g...

Leptin may act as a negative feedback signal to the hypothalamic control of appetite through suppression of neuropeptide Y (NPY) secretion and stimulation of cocaine and amphetamine regulated transcript (CART). We aimed at studying the effects of leptin, CART and NPY on the hypothalamic control of the pituitary-gonadal system. Pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion was studie...

J Adv Pract Oncol 2012;3:299–303 Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is a common treatment for prostate cancer, as the androgen receptor (AR) plays a role in the development of this malignancy. Androgen-deprivation therapy agents can be classified as gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists or GnRH antagonists. The most common GnRH agents in use are the GnRH agonists. However, these agents...

The orexigenic peptide, ghrelin is known to influence function of GnRH neurons, however, the direct effects of the hormone upon these neurons have not been explored, yet. The present study was undertaken to reveal expression of growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R) in GnRH neurons and elucidate the mechanisms of ghrelin actions upon them. Ca(2+)-imaging revealed a ghrelin-triggered incre...

In reproductive medicine, the aim is to establish an optimal balance between cost-effectiveness, success rate and safety for the patient. In this thesis, a series of clinical studies are presented that all revolve around the optimisation of ovarian stimulation with GnRH antagonist co-treatment. Basal hormonal levels at the start of ovarian stimulation are mandatory to obtain acceptable pregnanc...

If ovarian stimulation is performed accordingly to new strategies available, the occurrence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome will be eradicated. The strategy is to stimulate all women with GnRH antagonist and in case of need to -induce final egg maturation with GnRH agonist.

The determination of the efficacy of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists in blocking the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge and luteal function is important for our understanding of the control of the menstrual cycle and for clinical application. GnRH antagonists have failed to block the LH surge reliably in the non-human primate. The aim of the study was to utilize high dose GnRH an...

Abstract Study question Could the difference in controlled ovarian stimulation protocol between progestin-primed and GnRH-antagonist induce change expression genes of human granulosa cells? Summary answer The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene cells patients who underwent was significantly higher than GnRH-antagonist. What is known already (PPOS) has attracted attention many studies have reported s...

Abstract Study question Is there a difference, in terms of ovarian yield and sensitivity, comparing progestin-primed protocols (PPOS) to GnRH antagonist (GnRH-ant) using different follitropin? Summary answer PPOS is an effective choice, with both follitropis. Nevertheless, could improve sensitivity FSHu increasing the number oocyte without compromising quality. What known already The use new st...