Predator – prey interactions are often highly co-evolved, with selection over time for prey with morphological and behavioral traits that minimize predation risk. Consequently, in many environments prey choose among potential habitats according to their refuge value. It is unclear, however, when presented with new habitats, if prey are able to evaluate the predation risk of these relative to fa...

Gracilaria lemaneiformis (G. lemaneiformis) is rich in polysaccharides that have many functional activities. In this study, the thermostable α-amylase-assisted extraction and antioxidant activity of water-soluble polysaccharides from G. lemaneiformis were investigated. The extraction conditions were optimized as follows: time, 40 min; temperature, 95 °C; pH, 5 and enzyme amount, 6000 U/g, under...

Catalan's formula, for the portion of the inheritance that a legitimate child of a 19th-century deceased French gentleman should receive, is given a new proof (using Difference Operators), and generalized. Another, more computationally efficient, formula is also derived. Catalan's Formula Chrystal's classical text[Ch] (II, p. 416) contains the following charming exercise, due to Cata-lan[Ca]. B...

As part of an extensive DNA-based floristic survey of marine macroalgae in Canadian waters, an unexpected sequence for a Gracilaria sp. was generated from British Columbia. Before further molecular analyses and corresponding morphological/anatomical observations this mystery sequence was temporarily entered into our database as Gracilaria BCsp. Continued sampling uncovered this species from fou...

A parasitic nematode from the stomach of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica Temminck et Schlegel in western Japan, previously identified as Heliconema longissimum (Ortlepp, 1922), was morphologically re-examined and compared with the previous descriptions. In addition, the third-stage larva of this nematode is described, based on the specimens of encapsuled larvae found in musculature of two crabs,...

sights into host–microbe interactions. Our report confirms a novel Borrelia IGS sequence type detected in situ from 2 relapsing fever patients. This species showed greatest homology with the relapsing fever borreliae from Africa, B. recurrentis and B. duttonii, but not with B. microti, which is transmitted by O. erraticus ticks, previously believed to be the only soft tick species in this regio...

Veronica persica Poiret (Family: Scrophulariaceae), the `Common Field Speedwella or `Persian speedwella, is a neophytic weed originally from south-west Asia and widely distributed in the temperate regions (USDA-ARS GRIN database, 1999; Fischer, 1987; Holm et al., 1979). The plants were garden weeds and collected in #ower near Aberystwyth (Tyn-y-Graig, Wales), and a voucher specimen (N9623) of t...

The influences of controlled atmosphere (CA) and storage time on ultrastructural degradation of chelate-soluble pectin (CSP) in yellow peaches (Prunus persica L. Batsch.) were investigated. Freshly harvested peaches were stored at 2 ◦C under CA (CA1, 2% O2 + 10% CO2; CA2, 5% O + 5% CO ) or regular atmosphere conditions. Qualitative and quantitative aspects of CSP polymers were studied by atomic...

Background: Artemisia persica is used as an antiseptic, carminative, appetizer, antiparasitic, and antipyretic agent as well as to relieve fascial pains, and in the past, was used to relieve neuropathic pain and facilitate uterine contractions during childbirth. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant potential and effects of A. persica on scopolamine-induced cogniti...