A novel thermo-sensitive superabsorbent hydrogel with saltand pH-responsiveness properties was obtained by grafting of mixtures of acrylic acid (AA) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) monomers onto kappa-carrageenan, kC, using ammonium persulfate (APS) as a free radical initiator in the presence of methylene bisacrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker. Infrared spectroscopy was carried out to confirm t...

An amphiphilic N-octyl-O-methoxy poly (ethylene glycol) chitosan was successfully prepared by grafting successively octyl groups onto amino groups at chitosan’s C-2 position as hydrophobic moieties and methoxy polyethylene glycol (MPEG) groups onto hydroxyl groups at C-6, C-3 as hydrophilic ones. A certain amount of -NH2 was retained in the structure of chitosan derivatives through protection b...

The outstanding characteristics of fluorine gas, e.g. extreme reactivity and oxidizing power, and the utmost electronegativity of F ion, lead to very strong bonds between fluorine and most of the other elements of the periodical table. Treatments involving F2, fluorinated gases and rf plasma-enhanced fluorination (PEF) constitute exceptional tools for modifying the surface properties of materia...

This review focuses and summarizes recent studies on the functionalization of carbon nanotubes oriented perpendicularly to their substrate, so-called vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VA-CNTs). The intrinsic properties of individual nanotubes make the VA-CNTs ideal candidates for integration in a wide range of devices, and many potential applications have been envisaged. These applications c...

In this work, we report a method to process porous silicon to improve its chemical resistance to alkaline solution attacks based on the functionalization of the pore surface by the electrochemical reduction of 4-nitrobenzendiazonium salt. This method provides porous silicon with strong resistance to the etching solutions used in optical lithography and allows the fabrication of tailored metalli...

Polymer grafting from graphitic carbon materials has been pursued for several decades. Unfortunately, currently available methods mostly rely on the harsh chemical treatment of graphitic carbons which causes severe degradation of chemical structure and material properties. A straightforward growth of polyaniline chain from the nitrogen (N)-doped sites of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is presented. N-...

In recent years, the synthetic polymer polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has increasingly been used in a number of orthopedic implementations, due to its excellent mechanical properties, bioinertness, and chemical resistance. For in vivo applications, the surface of PEEK, which does not naturally support cell adhesion, has to be modified to improve tissue integration. In the present work we demonstra...

The treatment of non union and delayed union of fractures and also defects resulting from bone cysts or bone tumors by bone grafting is reported and also we have used it. In these Papers the results of bone grafting for surgical treatment of 23 war injured patients with bone lost is reported, and our results were good.