Sepsis is a diseasewith highmortality.1–7However, the original notion of sepsis as the invasion of blood and tissues by pathogenic microorganisms has long come to be replaced, in the antibiotic era, by the recognition that in many cases, the main causes of death arise not so much from the replication of the pathogen per se but from the host’s “innate immune” response to the pathogen.8–11 In par...

disk diffusion test is the usual applicable method for assessing the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in most institutions and hospitals. the aim of this study was to determine the reliability of resistant-reported results of disk diffusion test for 6 routinely used antibiotics against gram-positive microorganisms of nosocomial origin, using e-test method.    over a 1-year period, clinical ...

background: resistance to anti-tuberculosis (tb) drugs is a global problem. previous studies showed that the prevalence of primary mdr-tb is higher and has been increasing. the purpose of this study was to determine the primary drug resistance in strains isolated from patients with smear-positive of the new cases to anti-tb drugs. methods: in this cross-sectional study, 266 smear positive pulmo...

BACKGROUND Sepsis represents a substantial health care burden, and there is limited epidemiologic information about the demography of sepsis or about the temporal changes in its incidence and outcome. We investigated the epidemiology of sepsis in the United States, with specific examination of race and sex, causative organisms, the disposition of patients, and the incidence and outcome. METHO...

Intraperitoneal sepsis is difficult to diagnose in thermally injured patients. We reviewed the use of diagnostic peritoneal lavage (DPL) in burn patients suspected of having intraperitoneal infection. Seventeen patients were identified in whom celiotomy, autopsy, or complete recovery could be used to validate the lavage results. A lavage was considered positive if there were greater than 500 wh...

Fever during chemotherapy-induced neutropenia continues to be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. Mortality depends on the duration and degree of neutropenia, bacteremia, sepsis, performance status, comorbidities and other parameters. The highest mortality rates in cancer patients hospitalized with febrile neutropenia (FN) are observed in those with documented infection...

At the moment, the diagnosis of sepsis is established based on the criteria of the presence of a clinical manifestation of systemic inflammatory response syndrome/SIRS, infection, and organ dysfunction. In the last two years, the idea to add several additional parameters to these criteria has developed, with the proposition to use the acronym PIRO (P: predisposition, I: infection, R: response a...

Sepsis and septic shock remain important medical problems with high mortality rates. Today's treatment is based mainly on using antibiotics to target the bacteria, without addressing the systemic inflammatory response, which is a major contributor to mortality in sepsis. Therefore, novel treatment options are urgently needed to counteract these complex sepsis pathologies. Heparin cofactor II (H...

Introduction Multidrug-resistant, Gram-negative infections, particularly due to carbapenem resistant organisms (CRO), have increased globally. Few studies reported on the burden of CRO in neonates from low-middle income countries (LMIC). This study aimed determine incidence and mortality rates culture-confirmed with a special focus neonatal unit LMIC. Materials Methods Positive bacterial cultur...

Clostridium perfringens (CP) is an anaerobic, Gram-positive bacillus associated with malignant diseases and near-term pregnancies. The necrotic tissue that results from these disease processes fuels the proliferation of CP, leading to gas gangrene and subsequently sepsis. Herein, we report a case of a 41-year-old female patient with a history of invasive molar pregnancy that was further complic...