Oxalic acid dihydrate as a green, mild and efficient catalyst for the one-pot three-component Biginelli synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2-(1H)-one derivatives from the reaction between β-keto esters (methyl or ethyl acetoacetate), aromatic aldehyde (benzaldehye derivatives) and urea or thiourea under thermal and solvent-free conditions with excellent yields and short reaction time is st...

Microalgae biomass has garnered significant attention as a renewable energy feedstock and alternative to petroleumbased fuels. The diverse metabolism of green microalgae species additionally provides opportunities for recovery of products for feed, food, nutraceutical, cosmetic, and biopharmaceutical industries. Recently, the concept of using microalgae as part of a biorefinery model has been a...

Residues from the use of malachite green, a compound illegally applied as veterinary drug in aquacultures intended for human consumption, are frequently reported to occur in fish and fish products. Legally, zero tolerance applies to all residues of malachite green including its main metabolite leucomalachite green which is the dominating residue in tissues of exposed fish. In the European Union...

An effective one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrimidinonoes in solvent free conditions using CuCl2 as an inexpensive and readily available reagent through Biginelli condensation reaction of aldehyde derivatives, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds and urea is described. Excellent yields, short reaction times for formation of the products and simple work-up are attractive features of this green protocol.

The increasing customer awareness of environmental sustainability during the last decade has had an influence on many manufacturers to produce green products. However, issues arise regarding actual preferences customers for products, which often differ depending cultural influences. Cultural values can affect decisions designers determine detailed design specifications that relate preferences. ...