Hirsutella rhossiliensis, a nematophagous fungus belonging to the Ascomycota, is resistant to aureobasidin A (AbA). In this fungus, the biosynthetic pathway leading to mannosylinositolphosphoceramides, which is inhibited by AbA, was not detected. Instead, this fungus contains neutral complex glycosphingolipids (GSLs) and monoglycosylceramides. Except for monoglycosylceramides, neutral GSLs shar...

Theories of distributive justice distinguish between ethically acceptable inequalities –due to di¤erences in e¤ort –and unfair inequalities –due to circumstances beyond the sphere of individual responsibility. In this paper, we suggest a new estimator of inequality of opportunity (IOp) which allows identifying an upper bound for unfair inequalities in addition to the well-known lower bound esti...

1. The isolation and properties of roseins I and II from the mycelium ofTrichothecium rogeum and of rosein III from the culture filtrate are described. 2. Rosein I, colourless tetrahedra, m.p. 2100, [oc]4112-5 in chloroform (c, 1) has the molecular formula C019H2603. It is a neutral ketone, which reacted with one equivalent of hot ethanolic alkali and yielded a lactone, i8orosein I, m.p. 144°, ...

On the one hand, we know that, the more progressive a tax schedule, the more equally distributed the after tax incomes (U. Jakobsson, J. Public Econ. 5 (1976), 161 168). On the other hand, most tax systems involve a complex procedure where individual incomes are successively subjected to different rounds of taxation. We study in the paper the inequality reducing properties of the composition of...

In Streptomyces coelicolor, replication is initiated by the DnaA protein in the centrally located oriC region and proceeds bidirectionally until the replication forks reach the ends of the linear chromosome. We identified three clusters of DnaA boxes (H69, H24, and D78) which are in a relatively short segment of the chromosome centered on the oriC region. Of the clusters analyzed, D78 exhibited...

Optimal Taxation, Child Care and Models of the Household This paper presents for the first time the properties of optimal piecewise linear tax systems for two-earner households, based on joint and individual incomes respectively. A key contribution is the analysis of the interaction of second earner wage differences, variation in prices of bought-in inputs into household production in the form ...

Most people in the United States purchase health insurance through their employer due to the tax subsidy on employer-provided health insurance premiums. A large literature has developed that looks at impact of reductions in this tax subsidy. Recent papers tend to focus on changes in offers, eligibility, and take-up as a result of changes in the tax subsidy. One might consider these as changes a...

PURPOSE To evaluate azithromycin tear concentrations after one drop of T1225 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% eyedrops. METHODS In this randomized, double-masked study, 91 healthy volunteers received one drop into each eye of T1225 0.5% (n=23), T1225 1.0% (n=38), or T1225 1.5% (n=38). Azithromycin tear concentrations were measured by HPLC-MS at seven time points for 24 hours. Tolerability was evaluated. ...

BACKGROUND Effective postoperative analgesia is essential for early rehabilitation after surgery. Continuous wound infiltration (CWI) of local anesthetics has been proposed as an alternative to epidural analgesia (EA) during colorectal surgery. This prospective, double-blind trial compared CWI and EA in patients undergoing elective open colorectal surgery. METHODS Fifty consecutive patients w...

objective: non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) are the most commonly prescribed pain control medications following periodontal surgery. this study aimed to compare the efficacy of three drug regimens namely celecoxib, celecoxib + caffeine and ibuprofen for pain relief following crown lengthening surgery.   methods: this randomized, double blind clinical trial was performed on 45 pati...