• Abstract Biological invasions of marine habitats have been common, and many patterns emerge from the existing literature. In North America, we identify 298 nonindigenous species (NIS) of invertebrates and algae that are established in marine and estuarine waters, generating many "apparent patterns" of invasion: (a) The rate of reported invasions has increased exponentially over the past 200 y...

The use of fish closures as a management tool to protect juvenile fish habitat and adult spawning grounds has become increasingly popular, although knowledge of the direct effects of marine closures on juvenile fish populations is limited. Given that monkfish landings account for a considerable percentage of the monetary value derived from the groundfish fishery in new England, investigating th...

ornamental geophytes (ornamental flower bulbs) are international and national heritage considering their contribution to people's life quality around the world. iranian habitats support about 8000 species of flowering plants (belonging to 167 families and 100 genera) of which almost 1700 are endemic. iran is a rich country in terms of distribution of bulbous plants. more than 200 species of bul...

in this study, some habitat characteristics of iranian rose (hulthemia persica) were studied in gonbad watershed in hamedan providence, iran. soil samples were taken by a systematic randomized method at elevation 2000-2400 m above sea level. samples were taken from 0-30 cm depth. in the laboratory, n, p, k% and organic matter (oc%), soil acidity (ph), conductivity (ec) and soil texture were det...

In order to properly determine the efficacy of marine protected areas (MPAs), a seascape perspective that integrates ecosystem elements at the appropriate ecological scale is necessary. Over the past four decades, Hawaii has developed a system of 11 Marine Life Conservation Districts (MLCDs) to conserve and replenish marine resources around the state. Initially established to provide opportunit...