Hazelnuts are usually propagated by suckers or layering. However, other methods of propagation have been tested with variable results. Grafting is a method that has a few advantages such as fast multiplication rate, earlier fruiting and reducing sucker removal cost on specific rootstocks. Unfortunately, grafting is difficult due to slow formation of callus in hazelnuts. Here, we report the hypo...

this paper deals with the suitability of agricultural and municipal organic wastes as growing media components for ornamental plants. nine growing media prepared by mixing the main components of peat (p), hazelnut husk (h) and maize straw (m) with the fertilizer sources of municipal solid waste compost (c), bio-solid (b) and poultry manure (pm) were compared against soil-based (c1) and peat-bas...

Background Hazelnut is one of the most largely consumed tree nuts, which is used in a wide range of processed foods. However, it is classified as a potential allergenic ingredient and, consequently, should be declared in the label of pre-packaged foods (Directive 2007/68/EC), independently of its amounts. To verify the compliance with labelling and to safeguard the health of sensitised individu...

Water used in coffee preparation has essential importance on flavour. In this study, it was aimed to determine effect of water (soft, medium hard and hard) volatile compounds sensory properties Turkish coffee. It revealed that number prepared with higher than soft water. Medium contain 30 from aldehyde (2), furan (13), furanone (1), ketone pyrazine (7), pyridine pyrrole (3), thiophene (1) class...