Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence and risk factors for Intrauterine Growth Retardation (IUGR) and Extra Uterine Growth Retardation (EUGR) and provide more approaches for appropriate nutritional support for preterm infants. Methods: A total of 144 preterm infants (75 male and 69 female) were involved in this study. According to the relationship between gestational age...

INTRODUCTION Although there are approximately 1.1 million case presentations of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) in the emergency department (ED) each year, little data is available to clinicians to identify patients who are at risk for poor outcomes, including 72-hour ED return after discharge. An understanding of patients at risk for ED return visits during the hyperacute phase following he...

BACKGROUND The management of minor and moderate head trauma in children differs widely between countries. Presently, there are no existing guidelines for management of these children in Scandinavia. The purpose of this study was to produce new evidence-based guidelines for the initial management of head trauma in the paediatric population in Scandinavia. The primary aim was to detect all childr...

BACKGROUND Trachoma control programs utilize mass azithromycin distributions to treat ocular Chlamydia trachomatis as part of an effort to eliminate this disease world-wide. But it remains unclear what the community-level risk factors are for infection. METHODS This cluster-randomized, controlled trial entered 48 randomly selected communities in a 2×2 factorial design evaluating the effect of...

STUDY OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the effect of increasing head elevation and neck flexion on the quality of laryngeal view during laryngoscopy. METHODS Laryngoscopy with a straight blade was performed on 7 fresh human cadavers. Laryngeal views were recorded with the direct laryngoscopy video system, and the laryngoscopy angle was measured throughout the procedure w...

The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) is subject to long-term adaptive changes that minimize retinal image slip and keep eye movement equal to and opposite head movement. As a step toward identifying the site of neural changes, we have used a transient vestibular stimulus to study the dynamic response properties of the vestibular signals carried by the modifiable pathways. In normal monkeys, "rapid...

Parallel pathways mediate the rotatory vestibuloocular reflex (VOR). If the VOR undergoes adaptive modification with spectacles that change the magnification of the visual scene, signals in one neural pathway are modified, whereas those in another are not. By recording the responses of vestibular afferents and abducens neurons for vestibular oscillations at frequencies from 0.5 to 50 Hz, we hav...

this is a report of a case with unilateral cavernous sinus thrombosis due to ipsilateral ethmoid sinusitis. a 10 year old female was admitted in our hospital with severe headache, purulent postnasal discharge, right eye proptosis and third cranial nerve palsy in the same eye. she had history of viral upper respiratory tract infection and then acute otitis media which did not improve with routin...

We present a new method to characterize and quantify groundwater discharge to estuaries and the coastal ocean. Using data from the Pages Creek estuary in the Cape Fear region of southeastern North Carolina, we show that the concentration and carbon isotopic composition (D14C and d13C values) of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) can provide a tracer of a single, well-defined component of the surf...