Phonocardiographic, hemodynamic, angiographic, and cardiac echographic studies have been performed on 11 patients whose diseased mitral valves have been replaced by a supported aortic valve homograft. The chordae tendineae and papillary muscles were removed in all patients during the operation. Apical first heart sounds of normal intensity were present in all patients after surgery. Nine patien...

In order to determine the frequency of third and fourth heart sounds during cardiovascular stress, 61 patients with chest pain syndromes and normal resting phonocardiograms underwent phonocardiography both before and during submaximal handgrip exercise. Cardiac catheterization, selective coronary arteriography, and left ventriculography were performed in all patients. Twenty-nine had phonocardi...

Phonocardiographic, hemodynamic, angiographic, and cardiac echographic studies have been performed on 11 patients whose diseased mitral valves have been replaced by a supported aortic valve homograft. The chordae tendineae and papillary muscles were removed in all patients during the operation. Apical first heart sounds of normal intensity were present in all patients after surgery. Nine patien...

Phonocardiographic, hemodynamic, angiographic, and cardiac echographic studies have been performed on 11 patients whose diseased mitral valves have been replaced by a supported aortic valve homograft. The chordae tendineae and papillary muscles were removed in all patients during the operation. Apical first heart sounds of normal intensity were present in all patients after surgery. Nine patien...

ticated research techniques frequently show us that these drugs don't work at all! Gottshalk et al. fail to show that anxiety is more decreased by Librium than by a placebo. This, despite the fact that a large (25 mg) single dose of Librium was used and the tests for anxiety are some of the most sensitive available. Why then are these drugs so popular? Certainly not because they may increase ho...

Sir, The recent paper by Trail et al. (Br Heart J 1982; 48: 78-80) provides interesting support for the valvular genesis of high frequency heart sounds. As was shown by Mills et al.,I we were able to record a diastolic heart sound simultaneously with echocardiographc mitral valve closure in a "normal" patient with congenital heart block. The intensity of such sounds, however, never reached the ...