Molecular modeling frequently constructs classification models for the prediction of two-class entities, such as compound bio(in)activity, chemical property (non)existence, protein (non)interaction, and so forth. The models are evaluated using well known metrics such as accuracy or true positive rates. However, these frequently used metrics applied to retrospective and/or artificially generated...

Exercise training improves functional class in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) via effects on the periphery with no previously documented effect on intrinsic left ventricular (LV) properties. However, because methods used to evaluate in vivo LV function are limited, it is possible that some effects of exercise training on the failing heart have thus far eluded detection. Twelve dogs w...

We investigated the characteristics of the hemodynamic response (HDR) to paired presentations of visual face stimuli using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Photographs of faces were presented singly or in pairs with either a 1-s or 6-s intrapair interval (IPI). Each trial (single face or face pairs) was followed by an intertrial interval of 16-20 s. Faces were presented at fixation...

ADVANCES in the understanding of anesthetic pharmacology and perioperative physiology, coupled with improved patient monitoring, have significantly contributed to improvements in quality of care and perioperative outcome. In this issue of ANESTHESIOLOGY, Samarska et al. describe preclinical research that addresses the anesthetic modulatory effects on the physiologic adaptation to hemorrhagic sh...

Because nitroglycerin (NTG, an organic nitrate) and isoamyl nitrite have similar chemical structures and a common mechanism of vascular relaxation (i.e., conversion to nitric oxide in vascular tissues and activation of guanylyl cyclase), it has often been assumed that organic nitrates and nitrites have identical pharmacologic actions. Because recent studies have shown that the vascular enzymes ...

brain and functional MRI. The latter has been informative due to its superb localizing power and its exquisite capability to record the dynamics of neuronal population activity across the entire brain and to hence capture large-scale functional connectivity patterns. Yet, for instance when addressing temporal properties as below, limitations of hemodynamic signals will lead us to also discuss e...

Fractional calculus has been opening new doors in terms of better modeling and control several phenomena processes. Biomedical engineering seen a lot combined attention from clinicians, engineers researchers their attempt to offer individualized treatment. A large number medical procedures require anesthesia, which turn requires closely monitored controlled level hypnosis, analgesia neuromuscul...

conclusions bis-guided management may not be superior to routine monitoring protocols to prevent awareness as well as hemodynamic changes during general anesthesia in patients undergoing abdominal surgeries. results the overall incidence of awareness in the bis and routine monitoring groups were 5.5% and 4.1%, which was not significantly different. there were no significant differences in hemod...

Cocaine abuse increases the risk of life-threatening neurological complications such as strokes and seizures. Although the vasoconstricting properties of cocaine underlie its cerebrovascular effects, the mechanisms underlying its neurotoxicity remain incompletely understood. Here, we use optical techniques to measure cerebral blood volume, hemoglobin oxygenation (S(t)O(2)), and intracellular ca...