Heparan sulfate proteoglycan associated with vascular endothelial cells in vivo plays an important role in a number of endothelial functions, including the inhibition of intravascular coagulation and extravasation of plasma proteins and blood cells. In this report, we demonstrate that polymorphonuclear neutrophils, as well as cell-free neutrophil supernatants, lead to a rapid and dramatic loss ...

INO (inhibitor of neurite outgrowth) is a monoclonal antibody that blocks axon outgrowth, presumably by functionally blocking a laminin-heparan sulfate proteoglycan complex (Chiu, A. Y., W. D. Matthew, and P. H. Patterson. 1986. J. Cell Biol. 103: 1382-1398). Here the effect of this antibody on avian neural crest cells was examined by microinjecting INO onto the pathways of cranial neural crest...

Cell surface proteoglycans help present some polypeptide growth factors such as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) to their receptors and may act as reservoirs for others such as transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). Betaglycan, a cell surface heparan sulfate/chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan that binds TGF-beta via its core protein, is shown here to bind bFGF via its heparan sulfate ch...

Human melanoma cell spreading on thrombospondin substrates and chemotaxis in a gradient of soluble thrombospondin requires the amino-terminal heparin/sulfatide-binding domain of thrombospondin. Some melanoma cell lines attach but do not spread or respond in chemotaxis assays. Sulfated glycoconjugates produced by melanoma cells that could mediate these activities were identified by metabolic lab...

ABSTRACT: Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are long-chain polysaccharides that divided into sulphates and non-sulphates, these being chondroitin sulphate, heparan dermatan heparin sulphate the only non-sulphate in group is hyaluronic acid. GAGs obtained from animal tissue by an expensive low-yield extraction process; however, they highly commercially valued exploited biomedical market. Their disacchar...

Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor, GDNF, is vital to the development and maintenance of neural tissues; it promotes survival of sympathetic, parasympathetic and spinal motor neurons during development, protects midbrain dopaminergic neurons from apoptosis well enough to be a promising treatment for Parkinson's disease, and controls renal and testicular development. Understanding how G...

Density-gradient centrifugation of bovine tracheal epithelial cell extracts revealed a 'high-density' (1.48 g/ml) sialic-acid-rich population as well as a 'low-density' (1.42 g/ml) one that reacted more strongly with a periodate-Schiff (PAS) assay. The sialic-acid-rich mucins were oligomeric molecules containing disulphide- bond-linked subunits and large glycosylated domains, whereas the PAS-re...

1. Proteoglycans were extracted from sclera with 4 M-guanidine hydrochloride in the presence of proteinase inhibitors and purified by ion-exchange chromatography and density-gradient centrifugation. 2. The entire proteoglycan pool was characterized by compositional analyses and by specific chemical (periodate oxidation) and enzymic (chondroitinases) degradations. The glycan moieties of the mole...

Glycosaminoglycans such as e.g. heparin, heparan sulphate and dermatan sulphate display a broad variety of biological activities. Unique, Well-defined domains in some glycosaminoglycans have been characterized that are responsible for the biological activity. For instance, a unique pentasaccharide domain in heparin could be identified which binds and activates the serine protease inhibitor (ser...

RATIONALE Lymphatic vessel growth is mediated by major prolymphangiogenic factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-C) and VEGF-D, among other endothelial effectors. Heparan sulfate is a linear polysaccharide expressed on proteoglycan core proteins on cell membranes and matrix, playing roles in angiogenesis, although little is known about any function(s) in lymphatic remodeling ...