A technique has been developed to estimate the internal battery temperature (Tbat) of secondary batteries by measuring the series battery resistance R ) at cold ambient temperatures. Tests were performed on both lead-acid and nickel metal hydride batteries at different cold temperatures to B btain useful plots of RB versus Tbat. RB was measured by using a pulse discharge circuit to apply a shor...

"Janus" particles with two hemispheres of different polarizability or charge demonstrate a multitude of interesting effects in external electric fields. We reported earlier how particles with one metallic hemisphere and one dielectric hemisphere self-propel in low-frequency alternating current (AC) electric fields. Here, we demonstrate the assembly of such Janus particles driven by AC electric ...

When a ferrogel, which is chemically cross-linked polymer networks swollen with a ferrofluid, consisting of magnetic particles having nonlinear characteristics is subjected to an alternating current (ac) magnetic field, the magnetic response will generally consist of ac fields at frequencies of the higher-order harmonics. By using a perturbation approach, we investigate nonlinear ac responses o...

A ZigBee based collision avoidance system for railways has been proposed in this paper. The Train Anti-Collision System (TACS) has four sub centers namely, Train Subsystem, Station/Control Center Subsystem, Signalling Post Subsystem and Level Crossing Subsystem. A safe distance of 1 Km has been given for braking between the trains in case of collision distance. Based on the studies, it has been...

Perception, cognition and consciousness can be modulated as a function of oscillating neural activity, while ongoing neuronal dynamics are influenced by synaptic activity and membrane potential. Consequently, transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) may be used for neurological intervention. The advantageous features of tACS include the biphasic and sinusoidal tACS currents, the abil...

When a composite containing nonlinear dielectric particles suspended in a host medium is subjected to a sinusoidal alternating current (ac) electric field, the dielectric response of the composite will generally consist of ac fields at frequencies of higher order harmonics. For an electrorheological (ER) solid under structure transformations due to external fields, we apply the Ewald-Kornfeld f...

The iron-57 Mössbauer spectra of the linear, two-coordinate complexes, [K(crypt-222)][Fe(C(SiMe3)3)2], 1, and Fe(C(SiMe3)3)2, 2, were measured between 5 and 295 K under zero applied direct current (dc) field. These spectra were analyzed with a relaxation profile that models the relaxation of the hyperfine field associated with the inversion of the iron cation spin. Because of the lifetime of th...

Interactions of polyadenylic acid with the mercury electrode were followed by means of direct current (d.c.), alternating current (a.c.), and pulse polarography. It was ascertained that the electrode reaction of polyadenylic acid did not differ significantly from the reaction of its monomeric components. In contrary to the latter reaction, the polarographic reduction of poly­ adenylic acid take...

For the fabrication of metallic nanowires, nanoporous templates are produced by irradiating polymeric foils at the UNILAC facility. After chemical etching of the ioninduced damage tracks, the cylindrical pores of the template are filled with metals by electrodeposition. The resulting nanowires have high aspect ratios (diameter a few ten nm, length a few ten μm). Here, we investigate the texture...

In practice, direct current (DC) is used in an electrocoagulation processes. In this case, an impermeable oxide layer may form on the cathode as well as corrosion formation on the anode due to oxidation. This prevents the effective current transfer between the anode and cathode, so the efficiency of electrocoagulation processes declines. These disadvantages of DC have been diminished by adoptin...