A homogeneous ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate doped with LiCl ([BMIm]BF4-LiCl) was found as catalyst solvents for the synthesis of dicoumarols by the condensation of 4-hydroxycoumarin and aldehyde at 80 ˚C. In this field, several types of aromatic aldehyde, containing electron-withdrawing groups as well as electron-donating groups, were rapidly changed to the correspo...

Atherosclerotic plaque rupture is recognized as the primary cause of cardiac and cerebral ischaemic events. High structural plaque stresses have been shown to strongly correlate with plaque rupture. Plaque stresses can be computed with finite-element (FE) models. Current FE models employ homogeneous material properties for the heterogeneous atherosclerotic intima. This study aimed to evaluate t...

The paper presents an approach to performance analysis of heterogeneous parallel algorithms. As a typical heterogeneous parallel algorithm is just a modification of some homogeneous one, the idea is to compare the heterogeneous algorithm with its homogeneous prototype, and to assess the heterogeneous modification rather than analyse the algorithm as an isolated entity. A criterion of optimality...

A combination of the advantages of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis could enable the development of sustainable catalysts with novel reactivity and selectivity. Although heterogeneous catalysts are often recycled more easily than their homogeneous counterparts, they can be difficult to apply in traditional organic reactions and modification of their properties towards a desired reactivit...

While complex behavior can be generated through simple systems, as in chaotic and nonlinear systems, complex systems are found where a systems study contains multiple physical objects and interactions. Through the use of hierarchy, we are able to simplify and organize the complex system. Every level within the hierarchy may be reened into another level. System abstraction involves simpliication...

In ensemble methods, the outputs of a collection of diverse classifiers are combined in the expectation that the global prediction be more accurate than the individual ones. Heterogeneous ensembles consist of predictors of different types, which are likely to have different biases. If these biases are complementary, the combination of their decisions is beneficial. In this work, a family of het...

Introduction. Solo practices have generally been viewed as forming a homogeneous group. However, they may differ on many characteristics. The objective of this paper is to identify different forms of solo practice and to determine the extent to which they are associated with patient experience of care. Methods. Two surveys were carried out in two regions of Quebec in 2010: a telephone survey of...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of heterogeneous and homogeneous grouping on the mathematical achievement of students in third grade. Participants were 16 third graders in a self-contained classroom, assigned to either small homogeneous or heterogeneous group for math instruction for 7 weeks. Pretest-posttest scores and growth of students in both groups were statistically a...

In this study, a Eulerian-Eulerian liquid-solid two-phase flow model combined with kinetic theory of granular was established to study the hydrodynamic characteristics and fluidization behaviors coarse coal particles in 3D fluidized bed. First, grid independence analysis conducted select appropriate parameters. Then, developed computational fluid dynamics (CFD) validated by comparing experiment...

Hassan Sepehrmansourie was born in Hamedan, Iran in 1994. He received his B.Sc. in Applied Chemistry (2017) from Bu-Ali Sina University, Iran. He received his M.Sc.in Organic Chemistry (2019) under the supervision of Prof. Mohammad Ali Zolfigol. Also, He was also accepted for a Ph.D. in organic chemistry at the Bu-Ali Sina University in the same year. His research interest is t...