Production of alpha/beta interferons (IFN-alpha/beta) in response to viral infection is one of the main defense mechanisms of the innate immune system. Many viruses therefore encode factors that subvert the IFN system to enhance their virulence. Bunyamwera virus (BUN) is the prototype of the Bunyaviridae family. By using reverse genetics, we previously produced a recombinant virus lacking the n...

Aim It is well known that continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) produces some amount of nitrogen loss, but there are few tools that are easily applied to measure it. This study aimed to evaluate nitrogen loss using blood urea nitrogen (BUN) measurement in patients receiving CRRT. Methods The subjects were 28 patients who received CRRT (except for liver failure) between 2010 and 2012. Nu...

BACKGROUND Pediatric sepsis has high morbidity in children, may lead to acute kidney injury (AKI), and further aggravate the disease. Baicalin is a kind of flavonoid in Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi and has been reported to protect against several diseases, but its roles in septic AKI remain unclear. This study aimed to uncover the effects of baicalin in AKI during pediatric sepsis. MATERIAL A...

We have spectroscopically determined breath ammonia levels in seven patients with end-stage renal disease while they were undergoing hemodialysis at the University of California, Los Angeles, dialysis center. We correlated these measurements against simultaneously taken blood samples that were analyzed for blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine, which are the accepted standards indicating the...

Psoriasis may bring damage to kidney damage. We conducted a seven-year retrospective study focusing on blood examination of renal function of psoriatic patients. Only those first-time hospitalizations with psoriasis were included. We mainly evaluated the renal function indexes on the first day of hospitalization, including Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), Serum Creatinine (Scr) and Blood Uric Acid (B...

Immunoglobulin from patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) accelerates the degradation of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) of skeletal muscle by a mechanism dependent on receptor cross-linking. However, the intermediate steps between cross-linking and endocytosis and degradation are not known. We have used freeze-fracture electron microscopy to study the effects of myasthenic immunoglobulin on the...

the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of balancing low protein diets for methionine and lysine on performance of early lactation holstein cows under hot environmental temperature. twenty one multiparous holstein cows in early lactation were allocated to three experimental rations including, 1) high protein ration with 17.5% cp, 2) medium protein ration with 16% cp and 12 g/d rumen p...

In this study a continuous wave Ytterbium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Yb: YAG) disk laser has been used for welding of AlMg3 casted alloy. A high-speed imaging camera employed to record hot vapor plume features during the process. The purpose was identify mechanism pores detection in real-time based on correlations between metallographic analyses and area/intensity various locations samples....