Background: Human T-cell lymphotropic viruses 1 (HTLV1) is endemic in specific regions. We aimed to determine the prevalence of HTLV I infection among blood donors in southeast Iran.   Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2005 and March 2015. Sera were collected from blood donors and were tested for the presence of HTLV1 specific antibody using ELISA. Reactive sample...

SIR—Casseb [1] hypothesizes that human T-cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) is “more clever” than human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). One of his reasons is that HTLV-I, unlike HIV-1, has “an exceptionally low capability for causing death in the host.” “Cleverness” is not a biological concept but rather an anthropomorphism. Casseb probably is referring to the biological success of ...

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A case of recurrent typhoid fever in a homosexual man with antibodies to human T-cell lymphotropic virus-III (HTLV-III) and impaired cell mediated immunity is reported: we believe the first report of Salmonella typhi infection in association with HTLV-III disease.

S100-positive T lymphocytes account for less than 3% of peripheral blood T cells. Rare cases of S100-positive T-cell lymphoma have been previously described. We report four such cases of S100-positive T-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disease. In all cases, hepatosplenomegaly was observed, without prominent lymphadenopathy. Central nervous system (CNS) involvement by the leukemic cells was sug...

Theoretically, any infectious disease with an infection source, transmission route, and susceptible population is able to infect any population. However, studies of human develop‐ ment history, especially those of infectious disease history, have clearly shown that ethnic and regional differences in susceptibility to some infectious diseases actually exist, even if their infection sources and t...

The role of human T-cell leukemia virus type II (HTLV-II) in human lymphoproliferative and hematopoietic abnormalities in which the retrovirus can be isolated is still elusive. Here we show that the C344 T-cell-derived lymphotropic HTLV-II type IIa Mo strain acts directly on CD34+ hematopoietic precursors by rescuing them from apoptosis induced by interleukin-3 (IL-3) deprivation. This effect i...