BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an important infectious disease in Hebei Province. At present, cases from the northeast regions of the province account for >80% of the total incidences. However, studies that examine the region-specific genetic variations of the Hantavirus (HV), the causative pathogen for HFRS, have been lacking. METHODS Rodents were collected in nor...

Hypoxic vasoconstriction (HV) is an intrinsic response of mammalian pulmonary vascular smooth muscle (VSM). In the present study, HV was examined by myography of vessel rings from three primitive vertebrates: New Zealand hagfish (NZH), Pacific hagfish (PH), and sea lamprey (SL). Hypoxia dilated pre-gill arteries (ventral aorta, afferent branchial) from all species, whereas it contracted systemi...

Efficient cell electrotransfection can be achieved using combinations of high-voltage (HV; 800 V/cm, 100 micros) and low-voltage (LV; 80 V/cm, 100 ms) pulses. We have developed equipment allowing the generation of various HV and LV combinations with precise control of the lag between the HV and LV pulses. We injected luciferase-encoding DNA in skeletal muscle, before or after pulse delivery, an...

In this paper, we first introduce the new concept of completely semiprime fuzzy ideals of an ordered semigroup S, which is an extension of completely semiprime ideals of ordered semigroup S, and investigate some its related properties. Especially, we characterize an ordered semigroup that is a semilattice of simple ordered semigroups in terms of completely semiprime fuzzy ideals of ordered semi...

Abstract Reconstructing a discrete object by means of X-rays along finite set U (discrete) directions represents one the main task in tomography. Indeed, it is an ill-posed inverse problem, since different structures exist having same projections all lines whose range . Characteristic ambiguous reconstructions are special configurations, called switching components, understanding issue tomograp...

We introduce the notion of Gröbner S-basis of an ideal of the free associative algebra K〈X〉 over a field K invariant under the action of a semigroup S of endomorphisms of the algebra. We calculate the Gröbner S-bases of the ideal corresponding to the universal enveloping algebra of the free nilpotent of class 2 Lie algebra and of the T-ideal generated by the polynomial identity [x, y, z] = 0, w...

We consider properties of second-order operatorsH = − ∑d i,j=1 ∂i cij ∂j on R with bounded real symmetric measurable coefficients. We assume that C = (cij) ≥ 0 almost everywhere, but allow for the possibility that C is singular. We associate with H a canonical self-adjoint viscosity operator H0 and examine properties of the viscosity semigroup S generated by H0. The semigroup extends to a posit...

Consider a semigroup action on a set. We derive conditions, in terms of the induced action of the semigroup on {0, 1}-valued probability charges, which ensure that all invariant probability charges are strongly continuous.