Modular multilevel converters (MMC) play a dominant role in integrating remotely located renewable energy resources (RER) over the high-voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission network. The fault ride-through capabilities of MMC-HVDC network during low-voltage faults and power fluctuation due to RER intermittency are major obstacles effective integration energy. In response, this article prop...

Voltage source converter (VSC)-based high voltage direct current (VSC-HVDC) interconnectors can realize accurate and fast control of power transmission among AC networks, and provide emergency power support for AC networks. VSC-HVDC interconnectors bring exclusive fault characteristics to AC networks, thus influencing the performance of traditional protections. Since fault characteristics are r...

Experience and theoretical analysis show that the voltage and power stability becomes an important issue when high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems using line-commutated converters (LCC) are connected to AC systems with low short-circuit capacity and that these problems become more pronounced the lower the short-circuit capacity of the connected AC system is, as compared with the rating of...

The power system is going through a change in its very foundations. More and more converters are being integrated into the electric grid to interface renewable energy resources high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) transmission systems. This article presents discussion on stability of systems when HVDC based modular multilevel (MMC) connected grid-forming (GFM) mode legacy using concepts functions...

With the large-scale application of LCC-HVDC and VSC-HVDC in power systems, mutually exclusive constraints (MES) appear optimal planning hybrid AC/DC receiving end grid. The MES increase scale construction set substations transmission lines decrease efficiency effectiveness conventional method. This paper proposes a novel grid method with MES. Constraint satisfaction problem (CSP) is utilized t...