[1] In the past, texture-based classification of soils has been used for grouping soils in variably saturated water flow and solute transport studies. Classification of soils becomes especially important for large-scale studies where the spatial and temporal variability in the hydraulic properties of soils exceeds the field sampling capabilities. Although soiltexture-based classification has be...

We propose a unified approach to addition of resistors and capacitors such that the formulæ are always simply additive. This approach has the advantage of being consistent with the intuition of the students. To demonstrate our point of view, we re-work some wellknown end-of-the-chapter textbook problems and propose some additional new problems.

Given an electrical circuit each edge e of which is an isotropic conductor with a monomial conductivity function y∗ e = y r e/μ s e. In this formula, ye is the potential difference and y∗ e current in e, while μe is the resistance of e; furthermore, r and s are two strictly positive real parameters common for all edges. In particular, r = s = 1 correspond to the standard Ohm low. In 1987, Gvish...

We investigate the behavior of electric potentials on distance-regular graphs, and extend some results of a prior paper, [12]. Our main result, Theorem 4 below, shows(together with Corollary 3) that if distance is measured by the electric resistance between points then all points are close to being equidistant on a distance-regular graph with large valency. A number of auxiliary results are als...

In this paper, the hydraulic and heat-transfer properties of two sets of artificially fractured granite samples are investigated. First, the morphological information is determined using 3D modelling technology. The area ratio is used to describe the roughness of the fracture surface. Second, the hydraulic properties of fractured granite are tested by exposing samples to different confining pre...

Hydraulic cylinder actuators are used extensively in industrial, construction and agricultural works. The small sized outlet ports of the cylinders resist the flow of discharged oil; and as a result the piston motion is slowed down. This causes a lot of heat generation and energy loss within the actuators. The study investigates and analyzes the possibilities of reducing the hydraulic resistanc...

Genetic correlations between plant resistances to multiple natural enemies are important because they have the potential to determine the mode of selection that natural enemies impose on a host plant, the structure of herbivore and pathogen communities, and the success of plant breeding for resistance to multiple diseases and pests. We conducted a meta-analysis of 29 published studies of 16 dif...

The simulation of phloem translocation by the Münch theory commonly uses resistances from sources to sinks: the resistances are therefore regarded as important in partitioning. Although resistance is generally a set constant, it is in fact strongly affected by viscosity, and thus the concentration of the transported solute. In this paper, the model of partitioning proposed by Minchin et al. was...