INTRODUCTION At the end of pregnancy, the amniotic fluid (AF) depends basically on renal function, corresponding to fetal urine. Changes in AF, especially oligohydramnios, are reported in association with fetal hydronephrosis (FH). The experimental model using adriamycin in pregnant female rats has a teratogenic effect and has been classically employed to study esophageal atresia. Nevertheless,...

Radiologic imaging of the newborn detected prenatally with hydronephrosis should follow a systematic approach. Upper and lower urinary tract imaging should be performed in most cases in order to determine the etiology and gauge the use of future imaging. An overview of renal ultrasound, voiding cystourethrography, renal scintigraphy, and magnetic resonance urography in the setting of antenatal ...

Fetal intervention for obstructive uropathy was first performed at the University of California, San Francisco in 1981 [1]. Since then diagnostic criteria for fetal intervention have been laid down to assist in proper patient selection [1-3]. Unilateral fetal hydronephrosis doesn’t require prenatal intervention; but prenatal intervention might be required in selected cases, especially when hydr...

The renal medulla plays an important role in cardiovascular regulation, through interactions with the autonomic nervous system. Hydronephrosis is characterized by substantial loss of renal medullary tissue. However, whether alterations in autonomic control of the heart are observed in this condition is unknown. Thus we assessed resting hemodynamics and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) for control o...

Introduction: Our aim was to compare transureteral lithotripsy (TUL) and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) in the management of upper ureteral calculi larger than 5 mm in diameter. Materials and Methods: Patients who had upper ureteral calculi between 5 mm and 10 mm in diameter were enrolled in this clinical trial. The calculi had not responded to conservative or symptomatic therapy. ...

Hydronephrosis causes renal dysfunction and salt-sensitive hypertension, which is associated with nitric oxide deficiency and abnormal tubuloglomerular feedback (TGF) response. We investigated the role of oxidative stress for salt sensitivity and for hypertension in hydronephrosis. Hydronephrosis was induced in superoxide dismutase 1-transgenic (SOD1-tg), SOD1-deficient (SOD1-ko), and wild-type...

We report a case of giant hydronephrosis that was wrongly diagnosed as an ovarian cyst and explored in a pregnant woman. Giant hydronephrosis are uncommon and need to be kept in mind as a differential diagnosis while making a clinical diagnosis.

Giant hydronephrosis in adults is uncommon and often misdiagnosed clinically. We present three cases of giant hydronephrosis in adults secondary to ureteric calculous obstruction, two of whom presented with an acute abdomen and one with an indirect inguinal hernia. All patients were diagnosed promptly with ultrasound.

The management of ureteral obstruction in pregnancy remains controversial. Clinically oriented literature review on diagnostic and therapeutic decisions concerning renal colic in pregnancy has been published in this issue of the Central European Journal of Urology [1]. We all still face several challenges of differentiating renal colic in pregnancy caused by the uretheral stone or by physiologi...