Bayberry tannin-immobilized collagen/cellulose bio-adsorbent (BTcollagen/cellulose) was prepared via the reaction of bayberry tannin with the amino group of collagen in collagen/cellulose blends. Compared with collagen/cellulose beads without tannin, BT-collagen/cellulose had a more compact structure and higher thermal stability. Furthermore, the crystalline structure of cellulose in BT-collage...

Sequestration of harmful proteases as human neutrophil elastase (HNE) from the chronic wound environment is an important goal of wound dressing design and function. Monosaccharides attached to cellulose conjugates as ester-appended aldohexoses and ketohexoses were prepared on cotton gauze as monosccharide-citrate-cellulose-esters for HNE sequestration. The monosaccharide-cellulose analogs demon...

Efficient hydrolysis of cellulose-to-glucose is critically important in producing fuels and chemicals from renewable feedstocks. Cellulose hydrolysis in aqueous media suffers from slow reaction rates because cellulose is a water-insoluble crystalline biopolymer. The high-crystallinity of cellulose fibrils renders the internal surface of cellulose inaccessible to the hydrolyzing enzymes (cellula...

Ionic liquids dissolve cellulose in a more efficient and environmentally acceptable way than conventional methods in aqueous solution. An understanding of how ionic liquids act on cellulose is essential for improving pretreatment conditions and thus detailed knowledge of the interactions between the cations, anions and cellulose is necessary. Here, to explore ionic liquid effects, we perform al...

Cytophaga hutchinsonii can rapidly digest crystalline cellulose without free cellulases or cellulosomes. Its cell-contact cellulose degradation mechanism is unknown. In this study, the four β-glucosidase (bgl) genes in C. hutchinsonii were singly and multiply deleted, and the functions of these β-glucosidases in cellobiose and cellulose degradation were investigated. We found that the constitut...

.-, Aims To outline the current state of knowledge and discuss the evolution of various viewpoints put forth to explain the mechanism of cellu lose biosynt·hesis. (. Scope Lnderstanding the mechanism of cellulose biosynthesis is one of the major challenges in plant biology. The simplicity in the chemical structure of cellulose belies the complexities that are associated with the synthesis and a...

This investigation reports the first application of admicellar polymerization to cellulose nanofibers in the form of bacterial cellulose, microfibrillated cellulose, and cellulose nanowhiskers using styrene and ethyl acrylate. The success of this physical sleeving was assessed by SEM, FTIR, and contact angle measurements, providing an original and simple approach to the modification of cellulos...

Isotope ratios of cellulose and cellulose nitrate from aquatic Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) and non-CAM plants were determined. Cellulose oxygen istope ratios for all plants that grew together were virtually identical, whereas large differences were observed for hydrogen isotope ratios of cellulose nitrate between CAM and non-CAM plants. Carbon isotope ratios of cellulose nitrate did not ...

Cellulose is the most abundant organic polymer on Earth. In bacteria, cellulose confers protection against environmental insults and is a constituent of biofilms typically formed on abiotic surfaces. We report that, surprisingly, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium makes cellulose when inside macrophages. We determine that preventing cellulose synthesis increases virulence, whereas stimulat...

Giovanni Bellesia, T-6/CNLS; Ramakrishnan Parthasarathi, T-6; Antonio Redondo, T-DO; Shishir Chundawat, Bruce Dale, Great Lakes Bioenergy Center; S. Gnanakaran, T-6 Cellulose, an abundant component of lignocellulosic biomass, is self-assembled in plant cell walls as crystalline nanofibers. It can be hydrolyzed to monomeric glucose that can eventually be converted to biofuels (e.g., alcohols, al...