Women's choices appear to emphasize child welfare more than those of men. This paper presents new evidence on how suffrage rights for American women helped children to benefit from the scientific breakthroughs of the bacteriological revolution. Consistent with standard models of electoral competition, suffrage laws were followed by immediate shifts in legislative behavior and large, sudden incr...

Ocular myasis and associated mucopurulent conjunctivitis in human eyes is a rare phenomenon. However, if the sheep bot fly abounds and poor hygienic environment prevails, the Oestrous ovis deposits its larvae in the conjunctival eye sac of human. The present paper reports a case study of ocular myasis among sheep farm workers caused by Oestrous ovis. The ocular myasis and the associated mucopur...

Electric and magnetic fields of 50 Hz from electric power devices affect not only workers, but also the general population, as these devices are also located in populated areas, hence the duality of regulations on maximum admissible intensities. This paper presents these regulations and discusses in detail the changes of 2001. Based on the Polish regulations, hygienic evaluation of electric pow...

Eleven children aged 5-9 years with maxillodental abnormalities were treated using positioners. Negative effects of positioners and activators (increase of dental caries, hygienic index, and acid resistance of the enamel) are analyzed.

Introduction: Attention to food safety and health at all stages from production to consumption is inevitable. Inappropriate sanitary status of the food production, distribution and supply centers caused food-borne diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the environmental health indicators of halva and tahini production centers in the city of Ardakan in 2013. Materials & Methods: This...

background: the association between helminthic parasitic infection and cognitive function has long been recognized, however there are few reports about giardia lamblia infection. this paper describes a study about the effect of g. lamblia infection on the cognitive function. methods: one hundred thirty two children infected with g. lamblia from robat karim south of western tehran, iran were com...

Program generation is the process of generating code in a high-level language (e.g., C, C++, Java) to implement an abstract specification of a program. Generated programs are created by synthesizing and composing code fragments. Binding identifiers in generated code with their correct variable declarations has been the focus of a lot of research work in the context of macro-expansion (e.g., hyg...

This paper focuses on initiatives to improve infant health, as they developed in Norway especially during the interwar period. Falling birth rates were felt as a menace to the survival of the nation and specific initiatives were taken to oppose it. But crises engendered by the reduction in fertility strengthened opportunities for introducing policies to help the fewer children born survive and ...

In the past decades, Italian hygienic requirements for dwellings have been modified by multiple derogations. Aim of the present work is to analyse the derogations introduced at a national, regional, and local level. The most important derogations were related to the habitable use of semi-basements and garrets, and building restoration. The paper also describes the regulations regarding indemnit...

This paper briefly reviews research on the causative agents of blackleg and soft rot diseases of potato, namely Pectobacterium and Dickeya species, and the disease syndrome, including epidemiological and aetiological aspects. It critically evaluates control methods used in practice based on the avoidance of the contamination of plants, in particular the use of seed testing programmes and the ap...